For the dough
take equal amounts of whole wheat flour
and all purpose flour
That's Atta and Maida
add in 1/4 th tsp of salt
mix it well
Add 2 tbsp of vegetable oil
Mix it in
Add water little by little
and knead
a soft dough
Cover the dough and
let it rest
for about 15 to 20 mins
For the filling
we need
red or black kidney beans
that have been soaked in water for 6 to 8 hours
and boiled till they are soft
Potatoes that have been boiled
and cut into small cubes
chili flakes
roasted cumin pdr
a pinch of turmeric
black pepper pdr
dried parsley
you could use the fresh ones
and salt to taste
chopped capsicum
chopped yellow and red bell peppers
chopped onions
and some grated garlic
fresh tomato paste
add in
2 tbsp of tomato ketchup
and some soy sauce
I'm using light soy sauce
mix it up
and keep it aside
grated cheese
preferably Mozerella
and some green coriander leaves
Heat some oil in a pan
and add in some cumin seeds
add in the onions
and the capsicum
and the bell peppers
Add in a bit of salt
and fry them
till the capsicum and bell peppers have become soft
and the onions have a golden colour to them
so we have reached that stage
and now
add in the garlic
Lower the heat
and cook it briefly
add in the boiled potatoes
Cook this for a minute or 2
Give the tomato paste a final mix
it has the sauces in it remember
Pour it in
Add in all the dry spices and the salt
You could adjust the salt later as well
That's looking bright and colourful
so now
the beans go in
check the seasoning
and adjust it accordingly
add some water
and cook it down again
so that the potatoes and the beans
soak in all the spices
and the flavour
Keep it on low
Once the water has cooked down slightly
just mash up
the vegetables and the beans
a bit
so we are using the potatoes, beans
and the capsicum
to thicken the gravy as well
We'll cook it down slightly more
that looks ready to me
we don't want it too dry
just turn off the heat
and let it cool down to room temperature
Once the potato and beans mix
has cooled down
add in some
chopped coriander leaves
and mix it in
Knead the dough lightly
use some dry flour
make balls for the flat bread
or chapati
you can make them any size you want
big or small
Roll them out
as thinly as you can
once they are done
it's time to cook them
Heat a tawa or a griddle pan
and
cook the chapatis
or the flat bread
Once it stars puffing up
flip it over
and cook the other side
that's ready
cook the rest of them
similarly
we don't want to cook it
fully like a chapati
just to cook it lightly on both sides
Place your flat bread on a clean surface
or on a tray
and to make your wrap
filling and robust
just add in
some cooked rice
or cooked quinoa
right at the base
since this is plain rice
I'll season it
with some light soy sauce
some dried herbs
I'm using parsley
some roasted cumin pdr
add in the bean and potato filling
some more
top it with grated cheese
and fold it into a triangle
just try and get it into a triangular shape
That's a neat parcel!
Turn it over
and that'll go onto the baking tray
get on with the rest
Arrange the wraps
on a baking tray
lined with
aluminium foil or butter paper
Drizzle some extra virgin olive oil
over them
and they are ready to go into the oven
Bake them at 190 degrees C
till they are crispy on the outside
and have a nice colour on them
Just look at them sizzling away
and all that colour on them
the cheese has oozed out
from some corners
That's perfect!
Here they are
right out of the oven
Look at the cheese that has oozed out of the corners
Serve them out immediately
Serve the wraps
with a dip and salad on the side
This is how it looks on the underside
sealed completely with the cheese
It's too hot!
but I would like to
break it open
just to show you
how it looks inside
That's fantastic!
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when you SUBSCRIBE!
For more infomation >> Baked Chapati Wrap | Healthy, filling and so easy to make! 😃 - Duration: 7:34.-------------------------------------------
TAIMURALIKHAN l CUTIE TAIMURALIKHAN LOOKS SO ADORABLE IN THESE RECENT PICTURES - Duration: 2:20.
CUTIE TAIMURALIKHAN ,ADORABLE
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Nach Schock-Diagnose: So geht es Kader Loth. - Duration: 2:52.
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a wild terrorist appears
now he's dead :(
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So Sweet USA Naughty Teen Huge And Awesome Back | Teens Live Stream Video Call #Phono Live BD-40 - Duration: 4:29.
Like Plz
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Ariana Grande - Honeymoon Avenue (YOON SO RI Cover_윤소리) - Duration: 3:24.
For more infomation >> Ariana Grande - Honeymoon Avenue (YOON SO RI Cover_윤소리) - Duration: 3:24. -------------------------------------------
Sarah Ferguson Is 'So Proud' of Beatrice and Eugenie Following Conference Against Modern Slavery - Duration: 3:38.
The York siblings headed to New York City over the weekend for an important cause: to speak out about the fight to end modern slavery
Princess Eugenie spoke about her work as director of the Anti-Slavery Collective during the NEXUS Meeting at the United Nations Headquarters on Saturday, with older sister Princess Beatrice on-hand to show her support
Eugenie — who is set to wed Jack Brooksbank on October 12 at Windsor Castle's St
George's Chapel, the same venue where her cousin Prince Harry and Meghan Markle recently exchanged vows — pulled a royal rewear for the occasion, sporting a floral dress by Erdem with a high collar that she previously wore to "Ladies Day" at the Royal Ascot this year
"It was such an honour to speak @nexusglobalnetwork at the @unitednations about @the_anti_slavery_collective
An initiative I co-founded last year to combat modern day slavery," the bride-to-be, 28, captioned a series of photos from the event on Instagram
She also shared a quote from English politician William Wilberforce: "You may choose to look the other way but you can never say again that you did not know
" The sisters' mother, Sarah Ferguson — aka Fergie — also praised her daughters' humanitarian work on her own Instagram page
"So proud of my girls Beatrice and Eugenie @unitednations HQ. Eugenie hosted a conference about ending slavery in New York," she wrote
Fergie recently reflected on her decision to start the charity Children in Crisis, which is merging with the organization Street Child, and how it impacted her parenting
"It has certainly made me a better mother to my daughters Beatrice and Eugenie, giving me a sense of perspective, and allowing me to encourage them to use the platform they have to get involved in charitable work," she explained in a piece for the Evening Standard
The former wife of Prince Andrew added, "It has probably saved my life, too, by giving me purpose through hard times
As my grandmother always said, 'When you feel bad about yourself, go out there and do something for somebody else
'" In 2016, Eugenie privately visited a safe house for victims of sexual exploitation and used in slave labor
"I've had the chance to see firsthand what the Salvation Army can do for victims of trafficking and modern slavery," the royal said in a video for the organization
"This year I went to visit a safe house, and I was completely astonished by the work that they do and by the survivors who have come out of modern slavery
" She added, "I think it's everyone's opportunity and duty to #askthequestion and to support this campaign in any way possible to try to effect change and create massive awareness for the cause
"
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Why is school starting back so early? - Duration: 2:00.
For more infomation >> Why is school starting back so early? - Duration: 2:00. -------------------------------------------
Stefan Haider - Was man als Relilehrer alles so erlebt - Duration: 1:27.
For more infomation >> Stefan Haider - Was man als Relilehrer alles so erlebt - Duration: 1:27. -------------------------------------------
Bauer sucht Frau-Gerald & Anna: So schön war ihre Hochzeit! - Duration: 3:13.
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Danna so kind with Lori let she eat food together | They enjoy with food happily | Monkey Daily 1334 - Duration: 10:32.
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What is so unique about the Baylor experience? - Duration: 1:09.
[PRESIDENT LIVINGSTONE:] There are many things that are very unique about the Baylor experience.
We have so many wonderful traditions that you'll be able to be a part of once you're on campus in the fall.
It starts with Move In your first day on campus.
We have Homecoming, the Baylor Line...
Christmas on 5th Street is an amazing experience.
Diadeloso in the spring.
And in in addition to that, your experiences inside and outside of the classroom will be exceptional for you.
You have all kinds of opportunities to learn -- through study abroad experiences,
through study trips with your discipline,
through research that you'll be doing with faculty.
You'll also find that our faculty are accessible both inside and outside of the classroom.
And then we have so many different student groups that you can become engaged in,
whether that's related to your academic experience or your extracurriculars or hobbies that you enjoy so much.
So you'll find many things to be involved with that will make your Baylor experience unique and special just for you.
-------------------------------------------
These Are The Top 10 Worst Games Of 2018 (So Far) - (Daily Gaming News) - Duration: 14:12.
2018 is already shaping up to be a great year for video games we've had the
pleasure of playing triumphs like God of War which successfully reinvented a
classic franchise for a new generation we've also experienced the wonder that
is Celeste which proves that platformers can indeed have a story and that even
the tiniest teams can still do big things and there are countless other
titles that have made their mark including Monster Hunter Yakuza 6 and
many more but we're not here to talk about those games today instead we're
here to talk about the top 10 worst games of 2018 so far games that failed
to deliver and those that didn't blow us away but rather left us very
disappointed hi guys and welcome to home for gamers the best place for all of
your gaming needs like gaming updates gaming news gaming rumors and reviews
and if this your first time to the channel don't forget to like and share
and subscribe for all of my newest videos we've elected not to dive into
the massive amounts of shovelware out there the games on this list are ones
you've likely heard of as they either come from teams that have done great
work in the past or from franchises that have received mostly favorable reviews
in a year that's already full of fantastic games the ones we've listed
here led us down and we're calling them out these are the worst games of 2018 so
far number 10 the impatient when a game studio has a breakout hit it's often
saddled with huge expectations for its later titles maybe those expectations
are a bit unfair but in some cases they can't be helped players become fans and
they develop high hopes for even better games down the line but in early 2018
the studio released the impatient the impatient is a VR title that takes place
before the events of until dawn using the sanitorium setting from the
first game to tell a story about what occurred there decades before it shares
the branching narrative choices found in until dawn but fails to tell as
interesting a story it also lacks the bloody horror that made the first title
such a fright instead opting for mind games and psychological scares the
impatient underwhelmed and unfortunately for supermassive that wouldn't be its
first blunder of 2018 number nine Bravo Team Bravo team was super massives
fourth VR title coming after the little discus tumble VR until dawn Russia blood
and the impatient Bravo team was a virtual reality shooting game with a
terrible camera something that will kill almost any VR game immediately on top of
that the game had a disappointingly small arsenal of weapons to choose from
and loads of immersion killing bugs Eurogamer called it an astonishingly bad
VR shooter from a team that should know better but based on the company's track
record outside of the named until dawn games perhaps supermassive doesn't know
better at all number eight fear effects Sedna the fear effects series can be
traced all the way back to the original PlayStation where Hannah and her crew
start in fear effect and fear effect too retro helix these were games in the
Resident Evil vein action horror titles that also incorporated a variety of
puzzles and both received pretty decent reviews fast forward to 2018 though and
we find a completely different fear effect title in our midst
one that is not very good fear effects Sedna throws everything you may have
known about fear effect out the window gun is the 3d third-person perspective
gameplay instead fear affects Sedna tries its
hand at becoming a 2d stealth strategy game and it can't quite pull it off
along with the change in game type Sedna did away with the more tongue-in-cheek
storytelling elements ultimately telling a tale that was as confusing as it was
bland the same crew behind this game so she is
also making a reboot of the first game called fear effect reinvented hopefully
the studio doesn't try to reinvent too much number seven
Metal Gear survive imagine you have an award-winning game on your hands how do
you take advantage of that and partly it into more success well for starters you
could use that games engine to build a new experience and then you could fire
the game's director follow that up with stripping the soul out of the story and
tacking on zombies for some reason and then seal the deal by implementing poor
survival mechanics that don't let you shoot bad guys nearly as much as you
want to wait not all of those sound like great ideas but they're the ideas used
by economy in Metal Gear survive you know all about the story of kana me and
Hideo Kojima and you're probably familiar with the near universal praise
poured onto Metal Gear Solid V the phantom pain but the latest Metal Gear
game released by economy is a shell of its predecessor a game that exists
simply to get more mileage out of the Fox engine and the Metal Gear name it
manages to downplay a lot of what made the phantom pain fun while introducing
things the game industry simply has too much of these days
zombies and microtransactions we didn't want Metal Gear survive to be bad but it
is number six the seven deadly sins Knight
of Britannia the anime genre seems to translate well into video games at least
where graphics and sound are concerned after all it's 2d animation which means
developers don't need to worry about creating complex 3d models and effects
that tax hardware what results is something that looks like a playable
cartoon and there's nothing anime fans usually want more the seven deadly sins
Knights of Britannia could have been that for the seven deadly sin series
unfortunately the team at NAT 'some which usually knocks it out of the park
with games like Harvest Moon chose to go in a different direction the characters
and worlds of Knights of Britannia are rendered in 3d which meant more time was
spent building those assets that time really could have been used for the
gameplay which wound up being super simplistic and boring not only that but
the characters don't sync up to the words they're speaking and that only
serves to take players completely out of the experience dual shockers which
reviewed Knights of Britannia said it felt very much like a PlayStation 2
title despite being released on the PlayStation 4 in 2018 not exactly a
knight in shining armor number 5 The Secret of Mana remake way back in the
early 90s before Square had merged with Enix an RPG came along that was
originally intended to be part of the Final Fantasy series but instead
launched a whole new series of its own we're talking about Secret of Mana a
title that has chewed the turn-based battle mechanics of Final Fantasy in
favor of a real-time battle system and is often heralded as one of the best 2d
RPGs of all time the remake that we got in 2018 not as
good visually the game doesn't go far enough to recreate The Secret of Mana
world in a new and inspired way polygon noted that the game's devs revamped the
original 16-bit sprite artwork in to middling polygons which means that the
remade secret of mana doesn't use the power of its new platform
to do anything remarkable there are also a host of interface goofs that weren't
present in the original but have somehow crept into the remake including issues
with the game's pop-up menu system and a dumbed down action grid at all the
changes together and the new Secret of Mana is somehow a far worse game than
the source material it wanted to improve upon welcome to the worst games list
Secret of Mana number 4 little witch academia chamber of time to its credit
little witch academia chamber of time tries to do some cool things the story
itself is charming a girl which finds herself were living the last day of
witching school over and over with the game focusing on her quest toward
breaking the spell and the art in the game is beautiful paying appropriate
homage to the anime it's based on but everything else it all falls flat the
game bounces between being a sort of fetch quest adventure and a dungeon
crawling RPG and according to Destructoid both of these games are
awful there is certainly a whole lot to do in the game thanks to its dozens upon
dozens of side quests but the unfortunate truth is that none of them
are fun traversing the in-game world is super repetitive and even when you
finally unlock the ability to fast travel the game hits you up for an
in-game currency to unlock travel points and save points simply put there's a lot
of grind in this game and not much entertainment for a game that looks as
whimsical and pretty as chamber of time that's a huge letdown
number three crisis on the Planet of the Apes the newer Planet of the Apes movies
are pretty great and if you're a fan the prospect of playing a virtual reality
experience in that world might sound tough to turn down after all the sky is
the limit when it comes to the kind of story that game could tell but it's here
that we break the bad news to you crisis on the Planet of the Apes VR is the
gaming equivalent of the 2001 film that starred Mark Wahlberg and you don't get
to play as a human in a world surrounded by increasingly intelligent Apes
instead you're one of the Apes and the controls make you look stupid you start
out as a chimp trying to escape a detention facility you're supposed to be
wicked smart but as IGN puts it a random observer
watching you struggle clumsily to pick up objects or walk forward would assume
you are nothing more than a regular monkey and possibly a drunk one this is
due to the poor controls contained within the game and in a medium that is
all about immersion VR feeling like you lack the expected agency over your
character immediately pulls you out of it
crisis doesn't get better past the opening moments which puts the game
itself in a crisis it fails to do the bare minimum to be a decent VR game
number two dynasty Warriors 9 there have been a whole lot of dynasty Warriors
games including 9 in the main series and countless other spin-offs but dynasty
Warriors 9 is the first in the mainline collection to try something completely
different it does away with the typical run here by people mission framework and
instead opens up the world for players to explore unfortunately all that
openness doesn't necessarily make for a better experience
dynasty Warriors 9 doesn't keep players on a rail like it used to but the world
it now lets players roam freely isn't all that exciting
it isn't brimming with interesting things to do and there's no real reason
for players to go off the beaten path sure you can go off and collect items
for crafting but as IGN noted the entire game is perfectly beatable without ever
touching the crafting system other than making healing items every now and then
what then is the point there isn't much of one the open-world editions don't
offer anything compelling so dynasty Warriors 9 feels a whole lot like every
other dynasty Warriors game but more boring
number one check foo a legend reborn the original Shack foo is generally accepted
to be a bad game in spite of the fact that it received pretty mixed reviews at
its release GamePro said Shaq gets shrunk down to
size but his Shack foo stands tall while a reviewer at egm stated it's got some
decent moves and a story mode but it doesn't have the technique reviews are
of course opinions shared by those who played through a game so it shouldn't be
too surprising that the opinions on Shaq's first foray into the fighting
genre vary but now Shaq stars in a second fighting game and the opinions on
this one are largely uniform it sucks the combat in Shaq foo a legend reborn
is boring the story mode makes absolutely no sense and the game is
severely lacking in modes including co-op Destructoid called it a nostalgic
joke taken too far and Eurogamer Italy said it really fails to impress due to
dull and repetitive mechanics and a total lack of depth those are fairly
unkind words for a game that fans hoped would finally give Shaq the fighting
game he deserved those fans donated nearly four hundred and sixty thousand
dollars to Shaq foo a legend reborn Cindy gogo campaign and what did they
get in return a corpse of a game okay guys this was my
top 10 worst games of 2018 and if you enjoy the video let me know in the
comments and don't forget to subscribe for all of my newest daily gaming news
and updates
too many cups in my mind I can't sleep at night so I just keep writing I don't
need no help I don't need opinion so don't wait for time then I just been
living online my city don't show me no loving that's fine but local radio
stations I got my plays and all of these rappers combined I'm going I'm going
again I've been opening up with so many things
-------------------------------------------
Why Self-Discipline is so Hard - Duration: 9:35.
This is Odin, also known as the All-father.
He will become the wisest and most powerful of the Norse gods, but not yet.
For now, he hangs from Yggdrasil, the world tree that holds all nine worlds together,
with a spear lodged in his chest.
He will hang there for nine days, and nine nights, on the border between life and death.
All the while, he peers down into the magical waters of the well below, calling out for
the godly knowledge of the runes.
Satisfied with his sacrifice, they emerge, revealing to him their wisdom and bestowing
him with great power.
Odin had given himself to himself.
Or, more specifically, he sacrificed his present-self for his future-self.
It's no coincidence that he had to perform the greatest sacrifice for the greatest reward.
This story is, at the least, a metaphor for self-sacrifice or self-discipline.
And, it's one that we have been telling for generations.
Humanity has held the virtue of self-control in such high regards that it's a staple in
most religions and the moral of many myths.
In Christianity, the first sin - eating the forbidden fruit - was a lapse in self-control.
In Greek mythology, evil entered the world when Pandora could not control her curiosity
and opened the box.
This myth, in particular, has even entered our everyday language.
If I want you to avoid a temptation, for fear of causing disastrous consequences, I might
warn you against "opening Pandora's box".
The elevation of this virtue to religious and mythic proportions highlights a commonly
held belief: self-discipline plays a huge role in leading you to your best future, as
in the case of Odin, or your worst one, as with Pandora.
If this is true, it seems like it would be great if we could all have some more self-discipline.
But, what is self-discipline?
People often use the term to describe someone who makes "good" long-term decisions by overcoming
short-term temptations and that's reasonable.
But, when you ask them how they overcome these short-term temptations, they often invoke
some sort of *will* or *willpower*.
What *will* actually means isn't really obvious.
But, before we get to that, let's start at the beginning: the decision.
At any point in time, you're making a decision on how to act.
The difficulty arises when you have to make a decision between what's immediately gratifying
versus what is not gratifying now, but will be in the future.
In other words, the difficulty lies in delaying gratification.
But, what causes you to not act impulsively?
The reason for any single decision you make is multivariate: genes, hormones, evolution,
social environment, physical environment, past experience, context of the situation,
and a multitude of other factors all play a role.
But, the most immediate cause of any of your actions can be traced back to your brain activity.
When discussing self-discipline, one of the best places to start is with the neurotransmitter
dopamine.
In his book *Behave*, Robert Sapolsky puts forth an example that clarifies at least one
of the primary roles of dopamine in our brains.
Let's say that I take a monkey and stick him in a cage.
Now, I put a lever in there that, if he pushes it 10 times, rewards him with a raisin.
Next, I turn on a light that comes on before the lever enters the cage.
In other words, the light signals that the lever will be entering the cage which, in
turn, signals that the monkey will be able to get a raisin.
As a result, the monkey learns to associate the cue (a light) with the reward (a raisin).
Interestingly, the monkey will begin to release more dopamine in response to the light than
he does when consuming his reward.
Contrary to popular belief, *dopamine is about anticipation more than it is about reward
[8]*.
Certain cues in our environment hint at a potential reward and dopamine starts to rise
in anticipation.
*Dopamine is what gets us to take action with respect to a goal [8].* So, how does this
relate to self-discipline?
Let's say that you're deciding between an immediate reward and a delayed reward.
When you think about the immediate reward, dopamine is sent to certain parts of the brain
known as limbic targets [8].
When you think of the delayed reward, dopamine is sent to a different part of the brain known
as frontocortical targets [8].
If the part of the brain associated with delayed reward is more stimulated, you're more likely
to delay gratification [8].
Again, dopamine plays a role in *driving* our action.
So, how does your brain decide how much dopamine is sent to each part?
Again, this comes down to several complex factors such as past experiences, genes, hormones,
social environment, physical environment, the context of the situation and so on.
But, pragmatically, the brains decision is affected by how pleasurable the reward is
and how much time it takes to get that reward [8].
Here's an example to help you understand it intuitively.
Let's say that I make you an offer: you can have $100 today or $100 tomorrow.
The reward is the same but the time delay is greater in the second scenario.
You'll probably take the $100 today because there's no point in waiting until tomorrow.
But, what if I said that you could get $100 today or $200 tomorrow?
It's more likely that you'll be willing to wait, if an extra $100 is pleasurable enough.
But, what if I said that if you wait until tomorrow, you could get $101.
You'll probably revert back to taking the $100 today.
Your brain does multiple calculations like this every time you decide.
It creates a sense of wanting or reward seeking based on the speed and size of a reward.
So, how do you end up determining what rewards to seek?
To live life is to have desires.
The world fills you up with needs and wants, inviting you to come and interact with it.
Every time you satisfy a desire, you receive an internal reward and a belief forms about
how you did it.
When that desire re-emerges, your brain activates the corresponding belief circuitry and dopamine
releases, in anticipation of the reward, which motivates you to repeat the same action as
before.
In other words, you begin to form a habit.
With each repetition, the neural pathway strengthens and you solidify the habit's role as the solution
to your desire.
Here's the punchline: habits mediate the relationship between an individual's desires and their
environment.
To change the habit, the individual, the environment, or both have to change, and that's why self-discipline
is so hard.
We have little control over the biology that determines our desires.
According to Sapolsky, individuals with ADHD have abnormal dopamine responses when thinking
about immediate rewards vs delayed ones: they're biased towards impulsive action [8].
Individuals who experience a childhood adversity are more likely to have an underdeveloped
frontal cortex, making delayed gratification more difficult [8].
Eventually, we may be able to change an individuals biology using science, but the morality and
long-term consequences of this are questionable.
There is a part of our biology that *is* more malleable: the brain.
An individual can be changed with education.
As people learn more about the world, they can test out new beliefs and reinforce new
behaviors.
But, this leads me to the heart of the issue.
Self-discipline is much more of an environmental problem than it is an individual one.
While an individual can change their beliefs and behaviors through education, the resources
available for education are presented by the environment.
Furthermore, the habits an individual builds to meet their desires are, in large part,
a product of what's available in the environment.
A study done by neuroscientist Carl Hart found that when meth addicts were given a choice
between $5 and 50mg of meth, the addicts took the $5 half of the time [11].
When he increased the value of the cash reward to $20, they almost never took the drug [11].
He found similar results with crack cocaine addicts [11].
Hart suggests that addicts are actually rational decision makers, and will choose not to take
a drug when there are "alternative reinforcers" [11].
It seems that drug habits are more likely to be formed when individuals are in an environment
that offers no alternative or competing ways to meet their desires.
Bruce Alexander found similar results when he conducted his now-famous study: *Rat Park*
[12].
Prior to Alexander's study, it was commonly believed that addiction was caused primarily
by drugs.
When you take a drug, you get addicted.
That's how the story went.
But, Alexander noticed that most drug-related studies occurring at the time placed rats
in isolation.
He wondered if this played a role in the rats deciding to take the drug.
It turns out that it did [12].
When rats were in isolation, it wouldn't be a surprise to see them consume a drug until
they died.
But, when Alexander constructed a "Rat Park" complete with friends, sexual partners, toys,
and so on, rats were much less likely to take the drugs.
Both of these studies present an interesting idea: addiction is much less likely to occur
when you have greater access to alternative ways to meet your own desires.
In his *Meditations,* Marcus Aurelius said that,
We were born to work together like feet, hands and eyes, like the two rows of teeth, upper
and lower.
To obstruct each other is unnatural.
To feel anger at someone, to turn your back on him: these are unnatural.
People are a product of their environments a lot more than we like to think.
By acknowledging this, we can have more compassion for one another but, more importantly, we
can begin helping one another.
By providing people with as many opportunities as possible for learning and alternative ways
to meet their needs, we can eradicate the problem of self-discipline.
-------------------------------------------
Cole Dances With Fluidity | Season 15 Ep. 8 | SO YOU THINK YOU CAN DANCE - Duration: 1:44.
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This 7 Year Old Girl Suffered An Agonizing Loss, So She Took On Africa's Ultimate Challenge - Duration: 6:59.
The parents of very young children play a crucial role in their development, never leaving
their side for those precious years.
That wasn't the case for the unfortunate Montannah Kenney, though, as her father died
just days after she turned three in 2013.
However, five years later she honored his memory by attempting Africa's toughest challenge.
Montannah and her mom Hollie live in Austin, Texas, where Hollie, a former triathlete,
now runs her own triathlon coaching business.
Tragedy struck the family in 2013 when Montannah's dad passed away a week after the little girl's
third birthday.
At the time of his death, Montannah's dad was undergoing eye movement desensitization
and reprocessing therapy, better known as EMDR, a treatment for survivors of trauma.
However, Montannah didn't forget about her father in the following years, as she often
spoke about him with her mom.
"We've always talked about her dad being in heaven, and we always talk about her dad
being above the clouds – that's where heaven is," 45-year-old Hollie said in an
interview with a news websites in April 2018.
"And I think mountains are very intriguing to her because a lot of them are above the
clouds."
As she grew older, Montannah started to gain an interest in triathlons, ultimately following
the path that her mother had once taken.
According to Hollie, her daughter has won several events as a young triathlete, including
a number of swimming competitions.
With that in mind, the now seven-year-old's eyes lit up when she overheard a conversation
in 2017.
A few years ago, Hollie and her sister had discussed the idea of taking on one of the
toughest challenges in the world – climbing Mount Kilimanjaro.
When the latter pulled out, the 45-year-old swim coach then asked if any of her friends
wanted to take her sister's place.
And after listening to her mom talk about it, an intrigued Montannah decided to step
up.
"Montannah said to me, 'Mommy I want to do it too,'" Hollie told news 9 in April
2018.
"I didn't discount what she said but I knew she didn't know the magnitude.
So, we started researching it and looking at videos.
I was very real with her, explaining that people can get very sick, that we'd have
to train very hard and that it wouldn't be an easy task."
However, despite her words of caution, Hollie believed that time was on their side.
That's because, during her research, the mom discovered that climbers had to be at
least ten years old to summit Kilimanjaro, giving them the next three years to prepare.
As time went on, though, the ex-triathelete started to see conflicting reports on the
matter.
Hollie had heard of children younger than ten trekking up the African mountain, but
in January 2018 her mindset completely changed.
The Austin native discovered a report about an eight-year-old girl from Florida who, in
2017, had successfully climbed to Kilimanjaro's peak.
With that in mind, she approached her daughter on the subject again the following day.
"I woke up Montannah the next morning and said, 'If you want this record, we have
to go when you're still seven,'" Hollie told news media.
"I knew that she had spring break in March and we planned the entire trip in a month-and-a-half."
With their plans in place, then, the pair started to train for the massive challenge
ahead.
Thanks to some help from a fellow triathlete, Hollie found a guide who was able to pull
a few strings.
Crucially, the guide got permission for Montannah to climb the mountain while under the minimum
age.
From there, the mom and daughter team began a grueling training schedule.
This entailed weekend hikes lasting up to eight hours and shorter treks during the week
while the little girl was at school.
Knowing that Montannah was still in the second grade, Hollie mixed things up on their long
hikes.
The coach would test her daughter's math and spelling skills while trekking.
"When Montannah decided to do this, I knew what kind of training she needed to do, and
I didn't want to rob her of her childhood over that month-and-a-half," Hollie recalled.
However, the Montannah's motivation for the climb changed after revisiting a conversation
with her mother.
"When we talked about the mountain being above the clouds, she immediately associated
that with heaven and it resonated with her," Hollie told news 9.
"She loved that idea of being closer to her dad and asked me if she was going to be
able to see him."
Despite all their training, though, Hollie made one thing perfectly clear.
"For a child with a developing brain, I was not going to risk anything," the mom
told weather.com.
"If she had any issues, where the average adult probably would have pushed through it,
I was going to take her back down [the mountain]."
With a guide in place and a group of over 20 people to provide support, Montannah and
Hollie began their ascent of Kilimanjaro in March 2018.
And although the summit was over 19,300 feet away, the seven-year-old kept her spirits
up throughout the journey.
"Every day I asked Montannah if this was harder or easier than she thought it would
be and every day she answered, 'Easier,'" Hollie recalled to news media.
After six days of climbing, the pair finally reached the summit, but actually it had been
far from easy.
The weather had proved especially tough, and had left the mom and daughter duo in an uncomfortable
position on the final day.
"Everything was wet by summit day," Hollie said.
"We were putting on wet clothes, wet boots, my hair was frozen, our water containers were
frozen."
Despite all that, though, the mom and daughter duo achieved their goal of conquering Kilimanjaro
on March 16, 2018, with Montannah keeping an eye out for her dad at the summit.
Unsurprisingly, this had been a record-breaking climb by the seven-year-old Austin native,
who was just two months away from turning eight at the time.
Indeed, the Climb Mount Kilimanjaro group confirmed that Montannah was the youngest
girl ever to reach the mountain's summit, rounding off an incredible journey.
However, this wasn't just about breaking an impressive record.
Montannah and Hollie's trek up Kilimanjaro also raised funds for EMDR therapy, a cause
close to both of their hearts following their tragic loss in 2013.
After the climb, they spent the next two weeks exploring Africa, taking in the sights and
sounds of the incredible continent.
When reflecting on the climb, Hollie noted the potential significance it could have on
her daughter in the years to come.
"This was really a cool thing for her, and it's kind of setting her up in life for
some pretty amazing things," Hollie told news websites.
"To be able to provide the ability for Montannah to follow a dream that she wants to do, there's
no price tag."
Clearly, losing a parent at a young age can be devastating for the child in question.
For seven-year-old Montannah Kenney, though, some good came out of that tragic day in 2013.
Indeed, the death of her father spurred Montannah on to achieve something that won't ever
be forgotten.
She faced down the challenge of Mount Kilimanjaro – and won.
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