-------------------------------------------
Can a Fungus Save Plants from Global Warming? | I Contain Multitudes - Duration: 8:03.
[MUSIC PLAYING]
ED YONG: This is Rusty Rodriguez.
He is a microbiologist who studies
the microbiome of plants.
Hi, Ed.
Hello, it's very nice to meet you.
ED: Yes, plants have their own microbes too.
RUSTY RODRIGUEZ: Absolutely, and it's not
that dissimilar from humans.
Animals are really nothing more than meat bags
full of bacteria.
Plants are veg bags full of bacteria and fungi.
Rusty specializes in a particular part
of the plant microbiome, fungi.
And not the kind of fungi you would find on a salad
or on a pizza, but this kind.
Microscopic fungi are vital to the well-being
of many species of plants, and in some cases,
they provide the host with superpowers as Rusty
and his colleague, Regina Redmond,
discovered when they went to the hot springs
and geysers of Yellowstone.
They weren't surprised to find the soils
around the geysers saturated with thermophiles, microbes
that can thrive in extreme heat.
But they were surprised to find grasses
with a catchy name of tropical panic grass living
on the edge of the geysers and hot springs.
Most plants can survive in soil above 100 degrees Fahrenheit
but the panic grass was happily making its home in soil
temperatures up to 150 degrees.
Yeah, you could cook turkey in there if you wanted to.
ED: So they collected panic grass samples
from the heated soils of Yellowstone,
and took them back to their lab at Washington State.
And to figure out how these grasses had
evolved to withstand such heat.
And Rusty being a fungi guy--
a fungi-- a guy who studies fungus,
looked at the microbes living inside the plant.
RUSTY: Well, it's really interesting.
These fungi live in water called the interstitial spaces.
They live in-between cells.
ED: And what did you find when you looked at the fungi
in the panic grass?
RUSTY: We probably collected 200 plants across maybe a 40 mile
range in Yellowstone.
But the peculiar part of it was all of the plants
had the same fungus.
Curvularia protuberata.
Exactly, that's exactly right.
And the obvious question to ask was, gee,
I wonder if it has anything to do with heat tolerance?
Time for an experiment.
The simplest experiment anybody could do, right?
So, how high a temperature can they
survive when they're separated from one another?
ED: They separated the Curvularia fungus
from the plant, and then cranked up the heat on each of them
individually.
What we found was that neither the fungus nor the plant
could grow above that temperature.
ED: Wait, so neither of them could survive?
RUSTY: Right.
ED: Were you surprised?
That was a holy [BLEEP] moment.
[LAUGHTER]
It was like, you got to be kidding me, you know.
We discovered that some organisms don't necessarily
adapt to stress.
They require something else, and that something else
is another organism.
Instead of the plant and fungus evolving
by just changing their own genes,
they instead formed a partnership,
a symbiotic relationship.
RUSTY: Right, right.
It is a symbiosis.
It's achievement through cooperation.
They don't work as individuals, right?
They don't survive and function out there
unless they're together.
So do we know how they keep each other alive
in those superheated soils?
Our working hypothesis for all this
is that the fungi, when they're inside the plant,
communicate in such a way that when
the plants are hit with stress, they just don't freak out.
They just, kind of, sit there chill
until the stress goes away.
ED: They saw that plants with the fungus used less water,
and were less stressed than those without.
And is this just a one of a kind thing,
or is it evidence of a larger phenomenon?
We started looking at other habitats, other plant
species with other fungi, and in every habitat
we have looked at, where we could tease the system apart,
take it to the lab, analyze it, look at it,
it came out exactly the same as Yellowstone.
Didn't matter whether it was a salt
habitat, or chemical contamination habitat,
or temperature, or water stress.
ED: In each case it was a different fungus species, not
just Curvularia protuberata.
It seems that all around the world plants and fungi
have found each other, and teamed up
to cope with the most extreme of environments.
So, this got Rusty and Regina thinking.
What about all the plants that have not found
symbiotic partners, like crops?
Many plants struggle to survive in temperatures
above 100 degrees Fahrenheit.
Could they introduce new symbioses
so that these plants could survive
in much hotter temperatures?
And so they took watermelon, and sprayed it
with fungi much like those found in the panic grass,
and then they turned up the heat.
The watermelons became heat tolerant
within 24 hours of putting the fungus in.
And that's really when we realized the significance
of what we had.
ED: Just think about it, plants and fungus
had never seen each other before,
but within hours of being introduced,
they had gained a new superpower, the ability
to withstand temperatures that would normally
have killed them.
That was a huge moment for us.
If we can put a fungus in a plant,
and give it new functionality in a short period of time,
maybe this has enormous ramifications.
ED: And so Rusty and Regina started a company.
They realized that their discovery
had broader applications.
In a warming world, fungus could be
used to make our crop plants more resilient.
But is it safe?
I know some fungi can produce toxins.
We've done a lot of work looking at the ecology
of the organisms.
We had it tested for toxicity and pathogenicity,
so we lose no sleep over that part.
[MUSIC PLAYING]
We work with different group of fungi now in agriculture,
but they confer heat tolerance, drought tolerance,
and salt tolerance to plants.
So we've been field testing this now,
around the world, for the last five years,
and the results have been just remarkable.
[MUSIC PLAYING]
And the stakes are really high.
We're talking about making sure we can feed the world.
Our population is increasing significantly.
The climate is changing and greatly impacting
our food supply.
ED: It's amazing that something so small
can make such a difference.
The world functions through cooperation.
We achieved things through cooperation.
In the biological realm, it is highlighted dramatically
by the interaction between things we can see,
and things we can't see.
[MUSIC PLAYING]
ED: And our future, our own survival,
might depend on our partnerships with this invisible world.
If that fascinating story about fungi on plants
has left you with burning questions about the usefulness
of microbes in our lives, then leave them
in the comments below.
We answered an earlier set of questions in a Q&A video
from December, which you can watch
by clicking the link below.
And we've got another such video lined up
for you in a couple of weeks.
[MUSIC PLAYING]
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Multicouples || Can We Work This Out? - Duration: 0:56.
Fonts used: Bromello / Goldoni Song: Wait (cover) by Kid Travis
Harry Potter and The Goblet of Fire
Harry Potter and The Prisoner of Azkaban
Harry Potter and The Goblet of Fire
Uncontrollably Fond
Goblin
Skins
Circle: Two Worlds Connected
Skam
Stitchers
Uncontrollably Fond
Suits
Suspicious Partner
Focus
Stranger Things
Reign
The 100th Love With You
Quantico
Descendants Of The Sun
Suspicious Partner
Fringe
While You Were Sleeping
Hemlock Grove
Focus
A Long Way Down
The 100th Love With You
The Carrie Diaries
I'm Not A Robot
While You Were Sleeping
Hemlock Grove
X-Men: Days Of Future Past
Suspicious Partner
Suits
Skam
Suspicious Partner
The K2
Harry Potter and The Goblet Of Fire
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( OPV ) Can't Stop This Feeling (티가나) - Sungle - Duration: 2:09.
For more infomation >> ( OPV ) Can't Stop This Feeling (티가나) - Sungle - Duration: 2:09. -------------------------------------------
Can You Guess ~ Slime Fail Video or Not? | Slime Video Compilation | ASMR that Triggers to sleep 😍 - Duration: 6:40.
Guess Slime Fail or Not? | Slime Video Compilation | ASMR that Triggers to sleep 😍
Guess Slime Fail or Not? | Slime Video Compilation | ASMR that Triggers to sleep 😍
-------------------------------------------
Can Wind Currents Topple Man's TALLEST Buildings? - Duration: 2:53.
"1492, Christopher Columbus sailed the ocean blue" on the Nina, Pinta, and Santa maria,
which had both square sails, carrying the ships in the direction of the wind, and jibs,
carrying the ships against the wind's direction.
As for why it's possible to sail against the wind, it has to do with wind dynamics:
the plague of building and structure designers.
The result generated when wind is sliced by a wing shape and has to maneuver around it
is acceleration on the side with the longer path, which lowers air pressure in this area--a
concept known as the bernoulli principle--and it's actually also what generates lift for
plane wings.
Air-current movement may be good for moving sailboats forward, but it could spell disaster
for buildings.
Eddies--regions of slow-moving,circular air currents--are sandwiched in between fast-moving
wind currents as they sweep around and pass objects.
This movement may cause the structure to sway, and, if structure's tendency to 'spring'
back into place begins to synchronize with the wind currents, it means big trouble.
The Tacoma bridge infamously experienced this issue back in 1940, which made the entire
bridge sway back-and-forth violently until it totally collapsed.
Nikola Tesla also found out just how powerful such an effect could be when he attached a
pocket-sized device to the foundation of a building and almost reduced it to rubble within
an hour.
So is all hope lost for tall buildings?
Not so much.
The task of ensuring building integrity falls upon the buildings' engineers, who meticulously
do all sorts of testing, like in wind tunnels, before big projects are done.
In fact, potential wind stress from once-in-50-year weather events or more are taken account before
the building is designed.
In Dubai, the Burj Khalifa, the world's tallest building, is built with alternating
edges to avoid wind-current vortices from becoming organized.
In Taiwan, the world's second largest building--the Tapei 101--has a 1,460,000 pound steel ball,
aka a 'tuned mass damper', suspended inside its middle to act as a sort of 'counterbalance'
whenever swaying tests the building's integrity.
Engineers have even found ways to harness wind-current power through building design,
such as with the wind turbines stationed in between the two segments of the Bahrain World
Trade Center in Dubai.
These wind turbines are designed to receive extra wind flow from the trade center and
generate enough electricity for 15 percent of the building's power usage.
Of course, the invention of the elevator in the mid-1800's was what really allowed tall
buildings to take off, and the need for more space in urban areas means engineers of tall
structures must become more creative in withstanding the elements.
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Yaramızda Kalsın - Murat ŞAHİN (Onur Can Özcan - Cover) - Akustik - Duration: 4:29.
For more infomation >> Yaramızda Kalsın - Murat ŞAHİN (Onur Can Özcan - Cover) - Akustik - Duration: 4:29. -------------------------------------------
THX Tex: Moo can (HD) [CC] - Duration: 0:31.
Cow: Moo...
Hmm...
(Jet pack whirring)
(Cows mooing)
(Rumbing)
(Angry mooing)
-------------------------------------------
Can I Use this CSS? – 2/7 Resilient CSS - Duration: 10:00.
For more infomation >> Can I Use this CSS? – 2/7 Resilient CSS - Duration: 10:00. -------------------------------------------
THX Tex: Monster Moo Can (HD) [CC] - Duration: 0:35.
Cow: Moo...
Hmm...
(Jet pack whirring)
(Ding)
(Electricity crackles)
(Cows mooing)
(Rumbling)
(Angry moo)
-------------------------------------------
RINGING SLIME?! 😱 Can You Believe It? How To Make The Most ''Noisy" Slime!! 📯 - Duration: 3:34.
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Emre Can on Liverpool's on-fire trio and how West Ham goal was designed at Melwood - Duration: 2:59.
Emre Can on Liverpool's on-fire trio and how West Ham goal was designed at Melwood
Liverpool's in-form front three of Mohamed Salah, Roberto Firmino and Sadio Mane are defying belief, according to midfielder Emre Can.
The trio were all on target as the Reds went past 100 goals for the season in all competitions while routing West Ham 4-1 at Anfield on Saturday.
Salah has 31 goals, Firmino has 22 and Mane's tally is 13, meaning the red-hot triumvirate have scored a staggering 66 times between them in a campaign that still has three months remaining. It's amazing, Can told LiverpoolFC. com.
The front three can score in every game at any minute. It's unbelievable how good they are. They did it again. We are always happy if they can score and we win..
Given that attacking trio's current form, the biggest surprise was that it was Can, rather than Salah, Firmino or Mane, who scored Liverpool's first and their landmark 100th in their 40th fixture of the term.
German midfielder Can revealed he set Jurgen Klopp's side on their way by replicating a header from a Salah corner that he had executed in training the previous day.
I'm happy that I could score because we trained it and I scored like that, he added. It's always good when you train something and score like that. I'm happy, of course, when I can score and help the team..
It was Liverpool's first fixture since they thumped Porto 5-0 away in the opening leg of their Champions League last-16 tie 10 days earlier.
Given they were already out of the FA Cup, Klopp used the mini break that followed to take his team to Marbella on a warm-weather training camp.
The Reds manager felt the value of such a trip, and the extra time on the training ground, was evident in their performance at Anfield. As a football manager you like it if you can work with your team, he explained.
If you can prepare a team for each game, it would make football much more attractive if you gave the teams more time to prepare things.
Sometimes it's only intense and both teams need to deal with intensity and fight, so we really could prepare and I'm happy that I saw a lot of things we did on the training ground in the last 10 days.
I am happy we didn't have to play immediately after Porto because for a human being it's difficult to have a situation like that, winning 5-0 completely not expected and then you need to be ready again so I was happy about that.
West Ham conceded four against Liverpool in the reverse fixture too but could at least take solace from the fact that the likes of Manchester City, Arsenal and Porto have also shipped four or more to them this season.
The second half was tough for us, midfielder Mark Noble told WHUFC. com.
We conceded the second goal [early in the second half], made a couple of individual mistakes, really, and they punish teams. They did it to Manchester City here and scored four goals and pounced on mistakes.
We hit the bar and had another shot that their keeper saved. If only we could have been a little more clinical when we went forward – we got in some really good positions.
There is no point making up excuses. They were better than us. They've got a fantastic front three with so much pace, power and skill. They deserved to win..
-------------------------------------------
EASY NATURAL HAIRSTYLES YOU CAN WEAR ON A DATE (2018) | Annesha Adams - Duration: 6:37.
Hi everyone, welcome back to my channel and if you're new welcome.
today I'm going to
share with all of you some natural hairstyles that you can wear on a date I
have someone new especially in the summer where I'm just like I'm going on
a date but I don't want to wear weaves earning or any extensions I just want to
go with my natural hair I have something here ideas I'm going to share with all
of you and maybe you might like one
now, I decided to opt out from doing a braid
out a washing go and afro in this video because I'm like those are just
hairstyles and hair looks that we always wear i me always seen videos so I really
hope you all like this video I'm not saying I'm giving like brand new ideas
but something different than the typical that we always see so if you're and you
do this try not suggest that you subscribe because I do a lot more
natural hair videos they went to this and make sure to follow me on instagram
and make sure that item because we can stay connected outside of YouTube on
Instagram and it pulls a photos on Instagram and I'm always updating my
Instagram story in real time so if you're interested in seeing these
natural hairstyle ideas just for a date stay tuned and let's be it so make sure
your hair is combed out really well knowing her style ever works in hair is
not combed out well and I'm just using a big tooth comb now I'm going to part my
hair and I'm just doing really big parts because I want really big corner rolls
in my hair because I just think for the style looks really seductive I'm just
gonna put the remaining hair in a bun
now I'm going to begin with cane rolling my hair and I do it very tight on my
head because it just looks way better when your cane girls are the tightest on
your head and I feel like when my hair is wet that's when I'm able to achieve
that so I'm just gonna cane are all not too low but kind of low on my hair and
I'm going to explain why don't I don't break to the ends for these K neurons so
now I'm just gonna go on finishing the second cane roll and again as you can
see they're really big sections I'm just gonna make sure that my hair is combed
out very well and again I'm cane rolling and trust me
if you're better at cane rolling your hair more than I am you are definitely
going to have your braids looking way better than this okay so as you can see
how the ends of my hair I don't I just can tell so they don't unravel because
my hair usually unravels but I'm going to explain why don't camera all the way
to the end at the end so now I'm just gonna finish it up with this braid and
we'll continue so after keep rolling your hair I would
say do the big the bigger the braid so much more nicer it is you're going to go
on with your hair tie and you're just gonna you're going to bring your hair
over to whatever side of your face that you like the most
I'm just going to take out some of that ends we're going to put the hair in a
bun I really why I bind to
once your ends are out I'm going to choose this side to put it on so you're
going to go with your hair tie and then make this I'm going to go ahead and go
in and do my baby hairs I'd have a full video on how to do your baby hair so I'm
going to lick that video on the screen right now or in the descriptions and at
the end of this video so you all can watch that if you want to see how I
style my baby hairs in a natural way because that's my stop on to the next
hairstyle now you're just going to want to make sure that your hair is combed up
well then you're going to go in and part your hair make sure it's a deep side
part on whatever side and then you're gonna go in with your gel and gel is
just going to be used to make your hair look a little bit more sleek and laid
down I'm going in with my brush this is my harder bristle brush just to make
sure no flyaways are going to be present and my hair is fully gelled down after
doing that you're going to go on to the opposite side of the partying and you're
going to begin doing twists into your hair it's going to be like a twist cane
roll and as you're twisting your hair at the front while you're going down to the
side you're going to add in hair to the twist can roll and you want to make sure
all your hair is added in a well and then you're going to go in with putting
your hair in a ponytail and you just wanna make sure it's very tight once you
have your hair secured tight you're going to go in with a hair tie and
secure it fully
you want to put your hair in a bun more than having it out because it looks more
sleek and more elegant just for a date night and then I'm going in with my
smaller brush just to lay down the flyaways all around my hair
taking out hair at the front of my hair on both sides just where the middle part
would meet and then I'm going on to the side of my hair by my ears and I'm just
taking out a small portion of hair as well and I'm just emphasizing curls in
my hair
then I'm going at the back of my hair and I'm doing the same thing as well on
both sides so after doing that you just want to make sure your hair is combed
out really well and I really focus on the ends of my hair combed out because
once the ends of your hair is going to look much more bigger and what we're
going to do next so now you're going to go and grab all your hair and put it in
a bun and make sure your button is secured very tight and then you're going
to go on with a ponytail and you're going to secure the line I also pulled
up the front part of the strands of hair that I let out because I was just like I
don't like how it looks you want to make your bun there you big I have a full
video on how to make your bun much more bigger but you can watch that and this
is how it looks
can I answer today's videos comment down below which hairstyle you would most
likely where I really want to see what everyone's style is in regards to these
hairstyles I would wear all them if you have so that's it for today's video I
hope you all liked it make sure to give this video thumbs up subscribe to my
channel and I'll see you all in my next video bye
but here are some more videos if you want to watch
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"How many of you can think of marrying a person with disability?" | Manju Sharma | kanthari TALKS - Duration: 9:46.
For more infomation >> "How many of you can think of marrying a person with disability?" | Manju Sharma | kanthari TALKS - Duration: 9:46. -------------------------------------------
What You Can Do About Worrying - Two Minute Message - Duration: 1:36.
- [Daneil] Hey everybody,
Daniel Fusco here.
Welcome to today's two minute message.
So guess what, unfortunately all of us worry.
And I'm not talking about anxiety in a clinical sense.
I'm talking about we just are worrying about something,
what's gonna happen,
how it's gonna happen,
is it gonna work out.
Now, what's interesting is Jesus says don't worry.
And he says it numerous times in the sermon on the mount.
So I wanna give you the simplest logic on why Jesus
was absolutely right there, we shouldn't worry.
Here's why.
Are you worrying about something?
Let's say your answer is yes.
Do you have control over it?
And if the answer is yes,
then why are you worrying cause you can control it,
you can change it,
so worrying is a waste of your time.
Now, same thing.
Are you worried about something?
Yes.
Do you have any control over it?
No.
Well then why are you worrying about it because you
have no control over it so all the worrying
doesn't change it.
So either way, worrying makes no sense because if you have
control you can change it,
and if you don't have control, worrying isn't gonna
change it, so why are you worrying about it.
And that's why I love how simply, brilliant, Jesus is.
I think maybe the most important reasons why you shouldn't
worry is because God is God,
and God is good,
and God knows what he's doing.
So whatever you're worried about,
trust God, whose got it all under control.
So I want you to respond to this message in two simple ways.
First, I want you to share the message.
You know why?
Cause everyone you know, they're worrying too.
And it doesn't make any sense that you just told us not to
so we don't wanna do it.
Second, I want you to write in the comments about
situations where you were worrying but there was really no
reason to worry about because what you were worrying about
never came to pass.
Now we all have a million of this so just choose one.
But it will do is help us encourage one another to chose
to trust God instead of worrying about things that most
often never happen.
God bless you guys today.
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BUT IT'S IMPOSSIBLE, THE SUN CAN NOT FLINCH - Duration: 4:12.
For more infomation >> BUT IT'S IMPOSSIBLE, THE SUN CAN NOT FLINCH - Duration: 4:12. -------------------------------------------
Ehsan Sehgal Prose Poem - You Can't Imagine It - Duration: 1:06.
A prose poem, You Can't Imagine It, by Ehsan Sehgal
Even though, Between you and me
Exist no connection No relationship
No friendship No love affair
However, despite that, Your absence hurts me
It creates anxious I feel alone, more than I am
Alas, I can do nothing, Except hiding my feelings
From others You are unaware of that
So you don't realize It is just craziness, isn't it?
It is hard and tough For heart and mind
Oh, my beloved You are destiny and life
But you will never know I failed to reach and tell
I love You so much You, even can't imagine it.
-------------------------------------------
Can A Relationship Survive Without Labels? | In Love or Not - Duration: 6:02.
For more infomation >> Can A Relationship Survive Without Labels? | In Love or Not - Duration: 6:02. -------------------------------------------
Can you solve the seven planets riddle? - Edwin F. Meyer - Duration: 6:01.
Your interstellar police squad has tracked a group of dangerous rebels
to a cluster of of seven small planets.
Now you must apprehend them quickly before their reinforcements arrive.
Of course, the rebels won't just stay put.
They'll try to dodge you by moving from planet to planet.
But you have one major advantage.
Every hour, your state-of-the-art cruiser can warp between any two planets,
while their beat-up smuggling ship
can only jump to an adjacent planet in that same time.
These rebels don't like to stay put.
Every time they can relocate, they will.
Your scouts tell you that the approaching rebel fleet is 10 hours away.
You can't risk letting the rebels escape.
Can you devise a sequence for searching the planets
that's guaranteed to catch them in 10 warps or less,
no matter what moves they make?
Rounding up the rebels won't be easy.
For one, you have no way of knowing which planet they're on to begin with.
And without that information, it's hard to determine where they'll move next.
So where do you begin?
When tackling problems of this kind it often helps to simplify things,
so you can better understand their dynamics.
Let's imagine that this cluster has the same arrangement
but no outermost planets, leaving only the four in the center.
We still don't know which planet the rebels start on.
But there's one key feature:
the third planet is adjacent to all others,
which means the rebels either start there and move somewhere else,
or start on one of the other planets
and have no choice but to move to planet three.
Simply checking planet three twice in a row would do the trick.
Adding the three outer planet adds a bit more complexity,
but the same strategy remains.
We want to check the planets in an order that will eventually corner the rebels.
And there's another insight that can help us:
each hour, the rebels move from an even-numbered planet
to an odd-numbered planet,
or vice versa.
This gives us a way to simplify the problem
by dividing the planets into two subsets,
and tackling each one separately.
For starters, let's assume the rebels begin on an even-numbered planet:
either two,
four,
or six.
So we'll search planet two first.
If they're not there, they must have started on either four
or six.
which means they can move to three,
five,
or seven.
Planet three at the center gives them the most options for their next move,
so we'll want to check there next.
If we don't find them, they must have been at planet five
or seven,
meaning they'll next move to four
or six.
Let's now search planet four.
If they're not there, they must have gone to the sixth planet
and can only flee to three
or seven.
If we next scour planet three and don't find them,
we know they went to planet seven and are now cornered.
They can only move to planet six, where we'll apprehend them on our fifth search.
Of course, this plan only works
assuming that the rebels were on an even-numbered planet in the first hour.
But what if that assumption was wrong?
In that case, they must've started on an odd-numbered planet.
And because they move to an adjacent planet every hour,
their location must alternate between odd and even-numbered planets.
This means that if they were on an odd-numbered planet to start,
after five moves, they'd be on an even-numbered planet.
So if our first five searches missed them
because our assumption that they started on an even-numbered planet was wrong,
all we have to do now is repeat the sequence!
Searching the planets in order
two,
three,
four,
three,
six,
two,
three,
four,
three,
six,
leaves the rebels nowhere to run.
Thanks to your deductive reasoning, order is restored to the galaxy.
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How Can We Fix The U.S. When Money Corrupts Absolutely? - Duration: 3:58.
Our next question comes from Matthew Jacobson who asks, "The Republican Party and Democratic
Party are done and corrupted, how can we fix the U.S.?
How do change the economy so it actually works?
Because the path we are on isn't sustainable?"
The answer to that question, actually both of those questions, is the same.
We can't do anything about the corruption in the Republican part and the Democratic
party, or the economy, or fix the United States, until we get money out of politics.
Plain and simple, that's the answer.
Get rid of the Citizens United decision, get rid of the super PACs, get rid of these massive
fundraisers that both parties like to hold with their wealthy donors and hobnob with
them and they write massive checks.
Get rid of it all, and then we can have some real change in here.
The Democratic party, and this is a story I love to tell.
Prior to Citizens United the two groups that gave the most money to the Democratic part
were unions and trial lawyers.
Two groups that work on behalf of the American public against major corporations, unions
and trial lawyers.
After Citizens United, guess who took over as the number one donor for the Democratic
party?
Wall Street, the big banks, the hedge fund managers.
And what happened around that time too?
We started to see the Democratic mantra kind of change a little bit.
That, no, no we're not going to rein in the big banks as much, we'll do Dodd Frank but
we let the lobbyists water it down so much it's not really going to do anything.
When they pushed out, or when the money from the unions and the trial lawyers wasn't enough
to match the money coming from corporations like big banks, the priority shifted.
They started going in favor of the banks.
They started going in favor of the corporations.
That was only eight years ago, so the party in my opinion is not too far gone yet.
I'm not one of those people that's willing to just give up on the Democratic party.
I strongly believe we need very strong, very active third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh
parties in the United States to better represent the American public.
But me personally, I'm not done with the Democrats.
I want to change them.
I want to fix them.
I want to make it better.
I want to bring it back to the party of FDR.
I'm not willing to write them off yet.
Am I happy with them right now?
No, and nobody should be.
The establishment types, you know, the ... We know who they are basically, but no.
We've got to get back to people like Randy Bryce, working class folks.
We have to get the money out of politics.
We have to get a party that once again works for the American public, that works for the
consumers, that works for the workers.
We had that.
We had that not that long ago.
And that's the thing, it hasn't been that long, but if you want to fix the Democrats,
you want to fix the Republicans, you can't do that if we don't get the money out of politics.
I mean think about it this way, what would happen to the Republican party's stance on
gun control if you didn't have the NRA pumping $50 million into their party every election
cycle?
I know, they still would try to pander to their base on the issue, but at the end of
the day they'd know it wouldn't matter because those people aren't suddenly going to become
Democrats because the Democrats want even tighter gun control than Republicans could
possibly do.
But what it could do is it could get some common sense reforms put in place that we
desperately need as a country.
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