how's it going everybody I hope you're all having a lovely day it is time
ladies and gentlemen to talk about investments and taxes in the same video!
as we discuss the rules for capital gains how your dividends are taxed as
well as your stock sells are taxed in this video I'm gonna be covering
specifically more along the lines of financial instruments like stocks bonds
etc I'm not gonna be covering the taxation on the sale of collectibles or
real property such as real estate I'm specifically focusing on dividends and
stocks for this video I've gotten a ton of requests for this video and I've been
wanting to do it for a long time so I finally was able to get around to
produce it now as we go through this video you're gonna see a handout on
screen and the handout the word document you're seeing is completely free to
download you're gonna find a link to it in the comment section below and in the
description section of this video first let's talk about why I think you should
be excited about capital gains so when you think of taxable income and you
think about tax efficient income capital gains is pretty high in the list if you
think about it the most favorable income for income taxes is tax exempt right a
good example of that would be muni bonds where you where you receive tax exempt
interest but other than tax exempt income which are very very few sources
of tax exempt income the next best is income that is taxed at capital gain
rate so capital gain income is huge for your taxes you can save a tremendous
amount of money in taxes by structuring your income to be more capital gain
focused oh and speaking of capital gains if you were fortunate enough to have a
capital gain that by the end of 2018 will congratulations
let's start off by talking about what types of income are subject to capital
gains rates this is really important and there because there's very few types of
income there are the first one is qualified dividends and the second one
is long term capital gains but before we talk about long-term dividends and long
term capital gains let's take about let's take a step back and talk about
capital gains in general and why they're so awesome
okay so depending on your income which is now it's it's mainly based on your
overall income as you're seeing from the chart on the screen you might pay zero
dollars on your capital gains ten percent 15 percent or even 20 percent 20
percent the max so on capital gain income okay and this is huge this is a
huge tax savings because even if you're in the top bracket let's say let's say
your income is really high and you have to you you tax on your capital gains at
20 percent well it sounds like a lot but it's really not because when you look
over at somebody who's working for wages that those wages they receive they never
wages do not get capital gain rate treatment they're always taxed that
earned income is always taxed at ordinary income rates which can be a
maximum tax bracket now in the new laws of 37 percent so compare the maximum 20
percent rate from capital gains to 37 percent maximum tax bracket from wages
you can quickly see there's a huge tax advantage to making your income through
capital gains and if you've ever watched a interview from Warren Buffett
sometimes he mentions how the rate of tax he pays on his income is often lower
than his secretaries well that's what he's talking about he's talking about
his secretary who earns wages Payne ordinary income tax rates versus him who
receives a lot of his living through dividends which is taxed at a much lower
rate at least from a percentage perspective and obviously as you guys
can see if your income is low enough you can pay zero tax on your capital gains
and qualified dividends but with that simple example of a tax rate savings of
17 percent over the maximum bracket you can quickly see how fast the tax savings
can add up now let's talk about capital gain rate treatment and qualified
dividends and then we're gonna talk about the treatment for stock sales and
stuff like so four qualified dividends what you
need to know is a lot of it's just about the holding period okay so it's how long
you hold the investment so the longer you hold the investment the better now
that you know that there's a huge tax advantage to being taxed at capital
gains rates let's talk about how that applies to qualified dividends and with
dividends qualified dividends in particular there's there's two types of
dividends there's ordinary dividend and there's qualified dividend
well the qualified dividend is the one you want that's where you get the
capital gain rate taxes versus that ordinary dividend you get that's when
you're gonna be taxed at the same rate as wages are as if you're working for
for a paycheck at a job as a simple example if you buy AT&T stock when you
first get your first dividend payment you might not have held that stock long
enough to get a qualified dividend treatment so that dividend payment is
gonna come to you in the form of an ordinary dividend and you're gonna be
taxed at ordinary rates but if you do hold on to that investment long enough
then you're gonna get the more favorable capital gain rate treatment which is
what this talks about right here it says common stock investors must hold the
shares for more than 60 days during the 121 day period that starts 60 days
before the ex-dividend date for preferred stock holders the holding
period is more than 90 days during a 181 day period that starts 90 days before
the ex-dividend dates over time the longer you hold the investment the more
likely you'll start to receive instead of ordinary dividends your dividend will
eventually become qualified so there is an incentive to hold on long term to
that investment especially if you're somebody who's investing for dividends
now there are certain types of stocks there were companies that you can invest
in the where you can't get the qualified dividend treatment no matter how long
you hold it and the perfect example of that is real estate investment trust no
matter how long you hold on to a real estate investment trust it is they're
not allowed to send out qualified dividend treatment or qualified
dividends it's always gonna come to you that dividend is always going to come to
you in the form of an ordinary dividend so those are the basic taxation rules
for dividends and now let's move on to capital gains or when it comes to the
sell stocks so when we think of stocks we need to think of the holding periods
right so because there's a short term and there's a long term holding here
in the long-term holding period we need to hold that investment before we sell
it we need to hold it for more than a year notice I did not say exactly one
year if you hold the investment for exactly one year and then you sell it
you're gonna be subject to short-term capital gain rates which is you don't
want that you don't because short-term capital gain rates are taxed at ordinary
income rates just like ordinary dividends and just like wages you don't
want that that's a higher taxation rate so you want to avoid that so if you're
thinking of selling this as a security of ETF a mutual fund whatever our stock
and you're close to having it held for more than a year then by all means I
would probably encourage you to hold on to it for a little bit longer hold that
stock for one year in one day and then sell it and then you're gonna get that
good nice capital gain rate treatment so it might be the difference between when
you sell that stock it might be the difference between paying 30% in tax
versus 15% tax just by waiting a little bit longer so huge tax savings there as
you guys can see question I get a lot is Mike when do I have to pay taxes on my
stocks sales when do I have to pay taxes on my dividends the answer is it really
depends just to eliminate any confusion as we progress to talk about taxes in
regards to your dividends and taxes in regards to your capital gains when I'm
talking about taxes in this video just know that I'm talking about if you have
your investments and a normal standard brokerage account in other words it
would mean if your investments were not within a retirement account such as a
traditional IRA or a Roth IRA if your investments are held within one of those
types of accounts one of those retirement accounts then when you
receive dividends capital gains you would not be taxed at all you would not
be paying tax at all until you take a distribution from those accounts and of
course we know from some of my other videos that if your investments are
within a Roth IRA even when you take a distribution it's not going to be
taxable but for the purposes of this video we're strictly talking about
taxation of your dividends and capital gains and the things like that within a
normal taxable brokerage account a non retirement account now for most people
their income from you know the sale of securities and things like that is it's
not a lot and so generally in reality when
they go to pay the tax on that they're paying it when they go to file their tax
return in the following year that's for most people but it's a lot different if
you have a really high income you're an investor who gets a lot in dividends or
you're doing a lot of sells of stocks you have short-term capital gains
long-term capital gains etc then you might look at making the quarterly
estimate throughout the year the stay caught up with your taxes
but that's usually for higher income individuals but just so you know even
most investment platforms you can tell them to withhold on your dividend
payments or from cells of your securities you can say okay well if I
receive you know dividend payment of X please withhold 20% on that for taxes so
that way what's nice about that if you want to do it that way
you don't have to but at least you're paying your taxes in throughout the year
so that you're not surprised when it comes to tax time and when you go to
file your taxes and realize oh shoot I received $10,000 in stock sales and
dividends no shoot now I have to pay hundreds and hundreds of dollars in
taxes on this income so that is one nice thing you can do if you want to do it
that way but like I said you don't have to all
right let's talk about sock sales now and taxes for that so there's two
concepts you need to know the first one is there's recognized gains or losses
and the second one is there's unrecognized gain or loss so the
unrecognized gain or loss is really simple it just means your your position
within investments whether it's whether you have a gain or loss there's no tax
effect over here so an unrecognized gain or loss has no tax effect and you guys
can read this right here in in the handout the important one for taxes as
the recognized gain or loss that's the one you want to know about what a lot of
people don't understand or what they need if they're especially if you're new
to investing is you don't actually recognize gain or loss until the day you
sell the investment until you sell the investment no matter if you have a gain
of a million dollars it doesn't matter it's only once you sell it that's when
you have to pay taxes on that money so just keep that in mind when you sell it
that's when you recognize it and this is I put a simple example in the handout
but if I have a gain of seven thousand dollars of my Amazon stock if I hold on
to Amazon it has no tax effect I don't have to do anything with it until the
day I sell it another question I get a lot is Mike how our capital gains
calculated it's not too bad it's not it's not too hard to figure that out so
it's basically you take your fair market value of the stock you sold or a mutual
fund or ETF whatever it was as you sold - you're caught - your cost basis so
you're fair market value minus your cost basis so if you have let's say you sold
a stock let's say it's Amazon let's say you sold Amazon for $2000 and originally
you purchased that stock back in you know about over a year ago and for let's
say $800 well your cost basis now is $800 so purchase price and cost basis
are the same thing but for tax purposes if you want to learn to speak tax you
want to use the term cost basis that's what you're gonna hear a lot so your
cost your to calculate your capital gains now is let's say we sold our stock
for $2,000 our cost basis was $800 that means we have a capital gain of $1,200
as I mentioned in the example we held this Amazon stock for more than one year
what does that mean do we get the short-term treatment or long-term
treatment if you think long term treatment you are correct because we
held that investment for more than one year before selling it okay so we talked
a lot about capital gains on stock sales but what about if you lose money
you know people lose money in the stock market what do we do then well it's not
all bad news if you recognize a loss there's two things that will happen one
is your capital loss from that investment will helps offset other
capital gains and to part of that loss can be used to offset other income or it
will be carried forward which we're gonna discuss here in just a minute and
I and I have an example of how a loss would be applied against other capital
gains right here but I'll let you guys read that for yourself and the next
question you might have are my losses limited from my capital gains and the
answer is yes they are limited and so here's an example so in this example
chipper incurs a short-term capital loss of 5,000 for the year how much of the
loss can he take now this is from capital gains right or sells the
securities and things like that yeah it really depends on your filing status if
chipper is single or married fine separate he can deduct up to $1,500 in
the current tax year from that loss on the sell of his stock what happens to
the rest of it well the rest of it the other $3,500 of that $5,000 loss would
carry forward to a few year now if chippers filing status was
not single but if it was married filing joint he could deduct in that first year
up to a three thousand dollar loss on that five thousand and the rest
remaining would carry forward to the next year our future years as you guys
can see here the amount of loss not deducted will carry forward until it's
eventually used up it says the lost carry forward will retain its
characteristics as either short-term or long-term so if you have a long-term
loss it'll carry forward as long-term loss a short-term loss will carry
forward as a short-term loss moving on let's talk about the ordering rules just
real briefly so when you sell securities especially at a loss then the ordering
rules come into play of how that loss is used up first the loss is going to
reduce any other short-term capital gains and you know because this is
because we're just looking at the short-term capital loss for example guys
the secondly it but if there's no short-term capital gains then what but
there's no short-term capital gains that loss is then apply to gets net long-term
capital gains tax at the 28 percent rate which would be at the rate Tec
collectibles are taxed at if there is no collectibles then we moved on down the
line to number three we could reduce any net long-term gain tax at 25 percent if
there's any number four then we would if last but not least if it hasn't been
used at that point we would reduce any net capital gain tax at twenty percent
15 percent or zero percent if there's any and of course if there's nothing to
offset it that loss would just carry forward to a future year there are
ordering rules for long-term capital losses but I'll let you guys read that
for yourself big question people have is what happens to my capital gains if they
die if somebody dies like a spouse well unfortunately upon once passing all
capital gain lost carriers are lost but if you're married there there is an
exception of that so let's go down a little bit here upon one spouse is
passing away half of their losses allocating to the surviving spouse and
can be carried over to future years so you you at least get to take half the
loss from a DC spouse if there is one to begin with whereas if you die single and
you lose it you totally lose it it just disappears but by then you're dead
anyways so who cares okay wash tell rules what is that well a
lost sell occurs when a taxpayer sells a stock at a loss
within 30 days before or after the sell and invest in substantially identical
stock or securities acquire substantial identical stock or security than in a
fully taxable trade or enters into a contract or option to acquire
substantially identical stock or securities if when you read that it
sounds really confusing but that a more basic example is let's say I go out in a
I buy Chevron and let's say on January 1st I sell Chevron and I sell it at a
loss within like 20 days later I think Chevron is a good investment again and I
go by Chevron once again well because I'm buying the same
identical stock once again within 30 days or similar sock I cannot deduct
that loss so I can I cannot take that loss on my tax return when it comes tax
filing season and you're gonna see that on your 1099 B which we're gonna talk
about here in just a second when you get your official tax form for that tax year
you're gonna see that wash sale law showing up it's gonna have a code W next
to it to identify that it is in fact a wash sale all right what happens to my
stock or securities if they become worthless it does happen
worthless securities are treated as though they were sold on the last day of
the year the last day of the year will determine if your loss will be long-term
or short-term on these securities where do I report capital gains our stock
sales on my taxes though well let me tell you guys the forms you need to know
about there's a couple forms you need to really understand one of the first forms
to know about is form 8949 cells and other dispositions of capital assets in
my opinion this is one of the trickiest forms to know about I'm gonna have to
make a whole separate video about it because it's not that complicated but it
would take too much time to explain here the NICS form to be aware of is schedule
D Schedule D shows capital gains and losses and this is where you would go to
the report you're not only your short-term capital gains and losses but
your long-term capital gains and losses as well this is another form where I
could do a whole separate video about Schedule D and form 8949 interact
together they work with one another if you study those two forms closely you
can see how they're related and how information can transfer from
one form to the next from Schedule D now for your final net capital gain numbers
once you add up all your short-term short-term gains or losses all of your
long-term gains and losses then that information now transfers to under the
new tax forms - 1040 Schedule one other under other income which is what I'm
showing you right here you can see I've highlighted the line where total net
capital gains are reported capital gains used to be reported on 1040 page one but
because of the new tax form for 2018 now the only place you can find them is 1040
Schedule one since we're talking about capital gains and investments let's not
leave out Schedule B on Schedule B you'll see here on the top half of the
form is where you would report interest income on the bottom half of the form is
where ordinary dividends would be reported now notice it does not say
qualified dividends just ordinary dividends so what you would do is you
would put all your interest income here all your ordinary dividend income here
and then that those totals would transfer to 1040 page two as you guys
can see here on screen so we just covered the majority of the forms that
relate to capital gains we talked about Schedule D we talked about form 8949 we
talked about 1040 Schedule one we talked about 1040 page two and of course for
dividends interest in dividends is on Schedule B so we're talking about taxes
well where the heck do you get this information free taxes do you have to
cut it down yourself do you have to keep track of every penny you buy and sell
well the good news is that your brokerage company are the custodian of
your account let's say you're with Robin Hood Ameritrade or each rate or whatever
Vanguard fidelity when it comes to tax time usually it's around February
they're gonna send you a an official statement it's called a 1099 B or it's a
1099 - B and that statement is gonna have all of your investment activity
that is important to know for tax reasons it's it's it's meant for taxes
it's not meant to tell you how much how many shares of this investment you own
or that investment it's meant to report how much interest income you received
how much dividend income you sieved whether the dividends were
ordinary dividends or qualified dividends foreign income capital gains
short-term and long-term it's gonna report all those transactions on that
1099 B and it usually comes out February of every year so be looking for it as we
wrap up the video there's a few final items I want to cover with you guys just
real quickly and there is let's talk about net investment income taxes that's
a big one now for most people they're not gonna have to pay this net
investment income tax comes into play when a person has a really high income
and they have capital gains as well now this doesn't even come into effect until
your income starts to exceeds over 200 grand if you're single if you file your
tax return single or 250 thousand if you file married filing joint so that's so
for most people you're gonna completely avoid this but if if you remember
earlier in the video we talked about a 20% max capital gain rate well if you're
subject to net investment income taxes this tax on another three point eight
percent so your max capital gain rate goes from 20 percent up to about twenty
four percent now because of these net investment income taxes unfortunately
but like I said it doesn't happen until you get a much higher income when I do
produce these tax videos I mainly produce videos around the federal
taxation laws because each state is different so you really need to look
carefully at what the capital gain rates rules if any apply to you the state you
live in California for example does not have capital gains rates that everything
is taxed at ordinary income rates which really sucks but that's just the way it
works so I don't get any favorable tax treatment here in California but no
surprise there that's why the bare on the flag right so I wanted to mention
that just so that you know to look out for that on your state income tax return
last but not least I have included a link to publication 17 at the bottom of
the word document you can go here even I know it says 2017 returns ignore that
many of the rules are exactly the same for 2018 and on when it comes to capital
gains and Taxation so you can find more information within this portion of this
document and you can find this information on the IRS website are this
link right here so be sure to check it out if you want to learn more and I'll
probably also link up the link for the instructions to form 8949
Schedule D and 1040 page one where you can find a more informational on all of
this the final thing on a holding periods I want to mention here well as
we're talking about long term and short term is that when it comes to investing
the taxes you are much better off going long-term than you are short term if
you're somebody who's a swing trader day trader or if you know people like that
well when you sell when you when you hold a stock for one year or less you're
subject to ordinary income rates so these people who are doing swing trading
and all that kind of investing who are holding it for a very short period of
time they're paying the maximum tax rates on that income which is a major
bummer versus if you just hold your investment for the long term and then
you sell it once you've held it for more than a year then you're gonna only gonna
be subject capital gain rates which like I said range from only zero to twenty
percent in most cases much better than the ordinary income rates which can go
as high as thirty seven percent you guys probably know now I've probably realized
now from watching my videos but I really like investing for dividends and I'm
over all I'm a generally a long-term investor so I my focus is to build a
portfolio of dividend producing assets ETF stocks and things like that that
will spin off an income for me a retirement of as much in qualified
dividend income as possible so that when they receive that income I pay the least
amount of tax possible the least amount ladies and gentleman that was truly a
whirlwind of information we talked we covered everything from what types of
income to our subject to capital guarantee treatment short term holding
periods long term holding periods we talked about the ordering rules we
talked about just a boatload of stuff in this video where to report on your taxes
etc so hopefully you guys found this helpful I look forward to let me know
what you guys think about all this stuff about these rules make sure to download
the handout because I spend a lot of time putting this together for you guys
and it's gonna be a great reference when you're thinking about your investments
and your taxes and things like that you can go back and reference this too you
know stay fresh on all this stuff if you guys liked the video please do me a
solid by smashing that like button it really helps me out and helps get this
video out promoted to more and more people if you're new to money live TV
well welcome to the channel on this channel our focus
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bill icon so you do not miss any of our future uploads well everybody I think
I'm gonna wrap up the video here I really appreciate you taking time out of
your day to be here I know it's a big commitment and this was a lot of
information to cover so remember to use a time stamps if you want I look forward
to reading your comments in the comment section I hope you guys have a wonderful
week take care of yourself stay chill and now take this information and use it
to live your life on Kage I'll see you all in the next one guys pace
you
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