all right can you be an effective one-term president most people say no
that really can't they and when it comes to Jimmy Carter the consensus Reid seems
to be now a better ex-president than an actual president maybe because of his
efforts after he left the White House if you read this book though I'm not so
sure you'll come to that conclusion President Carter the White House years
written by his domestic policy adviser top advisor at that Stuart Eizenstat
it's nearly a thousand pages long but I'm tell you it moves like a rocket as
does he with seamless writing an exhaustive detail interviews with
everybody and anybody and puts in perspective a presidency that then this
is my opinion was looking to drain the swamp in a very different way than maybe
the current White House argument that's not to disparage either president Stuart
Eisen have to enemy right now Stewart excellent book thank you for taking the
time Neal thank you for having me that was my read into it that if you
think about it Jimmy Carter came to Washington as this outside character
from the system who was going to change this system up rooted rip it from its
roots drain the swamp in a different parlance what do you think of it well in
many ways he did for example he campaigned on the theme I won't tell a
lie immediately after the Watergate scandal and Neal he really did so it was
basically a scandal free administration but more important he put in place
ethics reforms the ethics laws of 78 for example which required disclosure of
assets going in limiting gifts when you ran off as limiting the revolving door
going out of office the Office of Special Counsel inspectors general the
Foreign Corrupt Practices Act all of these things were put in place and they
did have an impact and they are having an impact to this very day we still have
a special counsel we still have the ethics requirements and disclosure we
have more transparency so in many ways he accomplished what he pledged to do in
the post watergate era that he ran in you know I suppose there
White House intern during the Carter years you probably remember be getting
you coffee at the time stir but in all seriousness one of the things I do
remember is the earnestness of President Carter and I thought you know a little
too detailed conscious a little too you know in the weeds and I'm wondering
given the fact that Ronald Reagan was up the opposite a couple of clear goal
agendas and focused on the big picture the rap against Jimmy Carter was that he
did not could not what did you make of that well I'm very candid in the book
about our mistakes including Mao and and I think they fall into several
categories of what I call the eyes inflation Iran inexperience by himself
in his Georgia mafia and inner party warfare with a liberal wing but there
was also an issue of too much attention to detail and not setting clear
priorities and that was occasioned by the fact that he didn't have a chief of
staff to discipline the many things he wanted so in the first year he sought
welfare reform energy reform the Panama Canal tax cuts a whole array of things
and didn't set priorities when Congress and Tip O'Neill and others begged him to
do so but because he took so many things on he accomplished a great deal two
independent surveys Neal's show that Congress passed seventy percent of his
major legislation just under the percentage of the legendary Lyndon
Johnson who by the way was the first president I worked for so there were
problems with excessive attention to detail for not setting priorities but
you know when you look at the excessive attention to detail before making
decisions and you look at what's happened since governing by three by
five cards or otherwise perhaps that's not such a bad attribute in terms of
making decisions but we also look at presidencies and presidents in terms of
what they get accomplished in the meantime now you're right to look back
at things like human rights and some of these other efforts that he took that
that might have paved the way for some of the big things that happened post his
presidency but a familiar theme in your book is the fact that all the fighting
had with his own party he had the run of the Osseo the run to the table and
fellow Democrats didn't flip over them to a different extent you could say the
same about you know President Trump who has a kind of
anxious relationship with fellow Republicans and isn't afraid to turn on
them but what do you make of that comparison that you know a lot of people
think if your own party is running the show
and your part right you're gonna have an easier time it's quite the opposite for
Jimmy Carter well the history Neal is when your own candidate within your own
party challenges an incumbent as Reagan did in 70 against Ford or Ted Kennedy
dent against Carter it really divides that solutely and paves the way for the
opposition now why did that happen with Ted in the liberal wing it was because
Jimmy Carter was essentially a centrist he was a fiscal conservative he was
progressive on race and poverty issues but on fiscal issues at a time of high
inflation and budget deficits he really tightened the budget and cut programs
and the liberal wing didn't like that so when 10 ran promising an overall
national health insurance program which would have busted the bank we came back
with a major first phase program which if it had been enacted we'd be much
better off today but the liberal wing wanted it all or nothing so Carter was
in a sense of centrist he was too liberal for the conservative southern
base that helped get elected him elected and he was too conservative for the
liberal wing which was a central also to his reelection and that is the labor
Liberal academic wing so he fell right in the cracks in between and that often
happens with centrists you know he also often times seemed overwhelmed and I
don't know whether he envisioned the problems he would have he pick Paul
Volcker had thought of reserve because he wanted a strong inflation fighter I
don't think he anticipated how aggressive Paul Volcker would be for
those who don't recall mr. vocal would raise interest rates a full point at a
time to forget this quarter point the stuff we see right but no he actually
did that knowing that it hurt him yes and one of the great things look we
inherited high inflation from Nixon and Ford it got worse in our administration
and with the Iranian Revolution and the caught off an oil it went into the
stratosphere he said to us point-blank Neil I've tried everything else
tough budgets wage and price guidelines inflation czars I'm going even going
into an election to take the tough medicine that Paul Volcker has told me
explicitly he's going to do which was tighten the money supply squeeze
inflation out raise unemployment raise interest rates and Carter said I know
this may affect my reelection but I don't want my legacy to be this kind of
high inflation and I'm willing to lose if this is what it means now the
ultimate beneficiary of that two years later was Ronald Reagan and the country
but Carter was willing to take that and he absolutely knew Volcker and a classic
meeting that I described in the Oval Office said that to him yeah and even
Alan Greenspan appraises your book said as much about that wise appointment and
the difference it made having said that way too anticipated that or not I'm just
curious what you make of the Donald Trump comparison the money that at the
outset that that both were in their own way
rebellious figures not only within their party but in the system obviously Carter
a different approach and Donald Trump but it was Jimmy Carter who said
recently if Donald Trump should he succeed at this North Korean summit he
should get the Nobel Peace Prize what do you think of that well look I think the
North Korean summit is particularly important and possibly historic let's
compare it with the Camp David Accords in the egyptian-israeli treaty which was
lasted for 40 years there Neil there was a lot of preparation before Camp David
numerous meetings for months so we knew where the parties were we knew the gaps
that had to be filled at the summit here the North Korean summit has been done
almost on the fly now what happened today could be very important the
meeting between the Secretary of State and mr. Kim who's at the right-hand man
of the supreme leader of North Korea that's important but it takes a lot of
preparation and critically you have to know what the other side wants what's
their redline and what is your redline and if those don't match through
pre-negotiation then the summit can be a failure so I think it's potentially
historic but it's really critical in the run-up and there's only another ten days
or so that those gaps be filled and that we have a
understanding as we did by the differences Stuart was that they had a
lot of time together and they hammer things out of Camp David and all this is
going to be a one and done meeting and you know he's a different it took Neal
it was thirteen agonised absolute days and nights over twenty drafts that the
President himself did negotiating with Sadat and beggin and even then only on
the last night if I may close with one anecdote we were close
the last thirteenth day but bagans said mr. president I can't make any more
compromises the president knew beggin well enough and knew his love for his
grandchildren he got the names of each one autographed personal photos of
himself making us about handed it to beggin at his cabin saw the tears come
in his eyes he put his bags down and said mr. president I'll make one last
try right the rest is history rest is history and the rest is all laid
out in its spectacular book President Carter the White House years it's
remarkable Stuart Eizenstat
you
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