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The South of Italy Ninth Century BC
Considered by the ancients to be a paradise on Earth
Southern Italy [was] the theater for an event that was destined to change the history of western Civilization
It all began here at the delft a sanctuary in Greece
in a cave at the foot [of] Mount parnassus [a]
group of citizens arrived from the Island of Euboea off the coast of Athens
They had left their homeland in [search] of more fertile lands to colonize
But why come here?
What did they hope to find at Delphi?
Was it a blessing from the God apollo?
[Apolo] had both positive and negative sides
estranged difficult and sometimes dangerous, God
But they needed his help
They were about to brave an uncharted and stormy sea that they hoped led to [the] promised land
Which for the greeks of two thousand years ago was called
Italy
For more than a thousand years millions of people traveled to Delphi to seek answers from the oracle of apollo
His advice was especially sought by colonists setting off to discover new lands
first there were the uncharted and perhaps dangerous waters that they intended to cross and
Second was simply the religious and spiritual importance of the sanctuary at Delphi at that time
Standing almost 2,000 feet above the sea between the gulf of Corinth and Mount parnassus
Delphi was the Greek or hellenic world's most famous Sanctuary
some of the greatest masterpieces of Greek art were
Concentrated around the temple today all that is left of the statues that once adorned the sanctuary are their bases
They were colossal sculptures made of very expensive
Materials and there were thousands of them the sight of them heightened the pilgrims expectations
There was the Bronze Bowl donated by the inhabitants of the island of Corfu in 480 BC
this was an honor of a bull who dove into the sea leading fishermen to a great catch of tuna and
the splendid Bronze copy of the celebrated Trojan horse
Donated by the inhabitants of argos in thanks for the spoils of war from a victory over the Spartans
but the [centrepiece] of the sanctuary was the temple of apollo the God that
oversees [all] beginnings the protector of order and harmony for
[those] who made the pilgrimage to Delphi in search of answers the Temple was an impressive [site]?
It had six columns made of tough along its front and 15 on each side
The front ons were faced with marble in the Pro' now sore Portico in front of the cella
Famous Maxim's were inscribed on the columns such as all things in moderation
know thyself phrases which capture the deepest essence of Greek wisdom
But it was the words of apollo
Transmitted through his oracle that resonated most deeply with the Greeks
The oracles predictions were transmitted through the frenzied words of an old priestess who interpreted the answers of the God?
In a cave the faithful awaited the response from the priestess who in a state of trance
Recited prophetic words regarding the route to follow and where they should land
by following these directions and
Probably those of sailors as well the first greeks reached the shores of the island of [isChia] in the gulf of naples about
[2800] Years ago
This marked the beginning of the Greek colonization of Southern Italy a vast territory [given] the name of magna Graecia
Which in Latin means great greece?
But what was magna Graecia?
Basically a group of police or city-states whose wealth and power would soon exceed that of the greek cities of the Motherland?
For the Greek settlers used to the searing sun aridness and mountains of their homeland
Italy was a true paradise on Earth with its Mild climate
Abundant water courses and fertile plains
from the first cities sprang more the inhabitants of sybaris founded by Peloponnesian Greeks built
Posidonia now Paestum
the people of cumae originally founded by Greeks from the Island of Euboea
Created parthenope II which was to become the athens of the west and is now known as naples
Many of the residents of naples are thus of Greek origin Direct descendants of those early settlers from Euboea?
Naples is the commercial and cultural heart of the Mezzogiorno
Italy's South the promised land of the ancient Greeks
Excavations for the new Subway line through the center of naples have turned out to [be] a window on the City's past
Work and such sites as piazza munna Scipio has uncovered not only the old era Ghani's Walls
But also provided a chance to view a much deeper
cross-section of the City's historical layers
[archeologists] from the naples monuments and fine arts service have found numerous objects of Greek origin
Such as the small fragment of an attic of [ahs] dating back to the [4th] century
BC decorated with the figure of an owl
Naples remained a greek city for many centuries even during the domain of the Roman empire
The Romans were fascinated by Greek culture and for them naples represented Greece only
120 miles from their home an open door to the allure and refinement of the orient
Along the hills of puzzly [po] a name taken from the Greek puzzle upon
Meaning the place where one's troubles end and rest can be found the wealthy Romans built dozens of beautiful Villas
Wanting to blend in the Romans were happy to exchange their togas for the greek pallium to converse in Greek
Listen to Greek Music and commissioned Copies of Greek Works of Art
But naples was not just a tourist attraction [a] sort of amusement park for the Romans
The City was a capital of culture in its own, right?
where one could be born live and die in the manner of the Greeks as virgil liked to say and
It was here in naples that the great author of epics wrote the aeneid
Reproductions of masterpieces of Greek Sculpture were much [sought-after] a big business at the time
thousands of Masterpieces from the Partha no Peon school flooded the world [a] veritable legacy of Greek art the
Rich Romans paid and paid quite well to have imitations of famous works of art Grace their Villas and gardens
Another aspect of Greek Culture the Romans appreciated was theater
To stand on the stage of the naples theater was the dream of every artist the consecration of a life a yardstick of success
The ruins of the naples theatre have been found buried under later constructions
If you go down into the basements of private residences now standing on the spot you can discover
What remains of the [theatre] made famous partly because it was the site [of] an exceptional premiere appearance?
The emperor Nero himself made his debut as a poet in this theatre
Nero loved both poetry and music and performed many times on this stage before an audience
Whom he spoke with in Greek?
Not far from the theater is a section of naples named for the virgins
here hidden behind this door several yards underground is a veritable treasure [a]
Greek Hypogeum from the 3rd Century BC
Hypogea were large Subterranean Chambers having the dual function of being a burial ground and a sanctuary
It was in the hypogea for example where ceremonies were held
Dedicated to the oriental. God Mithra who was worshipped widely in [naples]?
This well-preserved one the Crystalline e hypogeum was built outside the City walls
[in] an area that in ancient times was nothing but forests and fields
Everything here evokes naples ancient past
Even [though] it is quite probable that the bones and skulls date back only to the 17th century
the period of the great plague during the Spanish rule
The discovery of the chamber only 100 years ago amazed archaeologists with its [finely] conserved state
there are votive vedic [allah] and delicately frescoed walls with figures still glowing in Bright colors and
funerary urns for the Mortal remains of the deceased
But what is perhaps most striking are the touching farewells to the departed written in Greek on the Walls?
Here a father addressed his daughter [ara] stager asst with touching simplicity
Goodbye my beloved daughter
In the central part [of] the city is the spacious, Agora
This Plaza was the center of the social life of the city [and] the site of its market it is incredible
But shops like these under the arcades have been here for over
2,000 years
[and] it is amazing to note that these narrow streets all have the same width about 10 feet and
are spaced at regular intervals of
115 feet
the explanation given by
Archaeologists is that the Modern-day streets still follow more or less?
Exactly the Greek streets that were laid out when the city was founded
[2,500] years ago an
Example is the [Present-day] Via tribune [alley]
Which follows one of the two principal axes of the Greek city and is one of the few broad avenues in naples?
The Agora is also famous for its magnificent temples
The church of San Paolo Maggiore is the classic example of a Christian edifice standing on the ruins of a pagan temple?
The ancient Temple was dedicated to the Dioscuri
Zeus's Twin sons who were doomed to live and die [on] alternating days
only these two beautiful Corinthian Columns remain
But when it was [new] the temple existed on a grandiose scale
We can once again view the great temple as it appeared almost 2,000 years ago
Thanks to a greek inscription found nearby
It turns out that the temple was restored in the 1st century ad during the reign [of] the emperor Tiberius
[at] the expense of two rich Liberty freed slaves who had become administrators of the imperial Family's wealth
Through recent studies that established the ancient route of the perimeter Walls
Archaeologists now have a view of the entire ancient city of naples the city is of modest size
But completely encircled by a mighty defensive system of walls and Turrets
fortifications that stood up to hannibal and his elephants during the second punic war
Yes, even hannibal paid a visit to naples
From the top of the Walls you could have witnessed the dramatic events recounted by the Roman historian
Titus Livy that took place in the area near the Present-day piazza dante in the heart of naples
Livy wrote the cavalry of the Neapolitan armies succeeded with Rapid Sorties to sow confusion
In the enemy ranks and thus forced hannibal to Abandon his siege
walking through the streets of Modern-day naples you can see traces and the features and gazes of the
neapolitans of the Incredible mix of races that marked this corner of the magna Graecia during the hellenic and Roman period
Egyptians Romans
Italians
Illyrians and
Africans were all accepted within the city walls into the community founded by the Greeks [an]
exemplary demonstration of tolerance
Naples was only one of many Greek cities in Italy
[Paestum] 60 miles to the South was the location of a very important Greek Sanctuary
We don't know exactly when Paestum was founded
But it certainly dates back to at least
600 Years before the birth of Christ and was founded by settlers from Sybaris another city of Magna Graecia
Pest ins importance and antiquity is evidenced by these walls that surrounded the inhabited areas
But the best testimony to its wealth are the great temples of the sanctuary built in the 7th and 6th
Centuries BC at
That time [Paestum] was known as post cydonia the greek name for the city in homage to the sea. God Poseidon
This temple improperly called a basilica by the early scholars is the oldest one
it was dedicated to the goddess hera a divinity who was venerated as the goddess of fertility and
Maternity and who would watch over women when they were about to give birth
The Temple has 50 well-preserved columns that taper towards the top
The [capitals] and the Temple [Decoration] in general are in Doric style
About 100 years after the construction of the basilica the inhabitants of Paestum built the so-called temple of Poseidon
in the immediate vicinity
Actually, we do not know to whom the temple was dedicated, but it is one of the [best-preserved] of magna Graecia
It had symmetrical fronts with six columns along each shorter side and 14 columns along each longer one
the complex of the two temples comprised the sacred area at
The time the site of the two stone giants shining in the sunlight must have been a view of rare beauty
Another great temple of the City is the [one] dedicated to the goddess Athena
This temple is quite original to the expert side
Since its external columns were doric while the columns and capitals around the [sella]
currently displayed in the Museum of Paestum were ionic
For modern Scholars, this is the first known [case] of two different architectonic orders used in the same building
During medieval times the temple was converted into a Christian church as demonstrated by the tombs found inside
in
the forum lies the so called italic Temple or
Capitolium the first temple built by the Romans after the year
273 BC when Po cydonia came under their domain and took the name of Paestum
This temple was rather exotic
Starting with its high base a lot different than those of the greek temples
It was dedicated to the triad of divinities honored on the Capitoline hill in rome
Jupiter Juno and Minerva
at
The turn of the [first] and [second] centuries ad the temple occupied a part of the stairways of a pre-existing?
Structure the area of the commission where the city assembly met in the open air
The area was packed with monuments and in the distance was the great bulk of the [amphitheatre]
sacred rites in these temples were carried out under strict [guidelines]
Inside of the temple dedicated to the goddess hera for example
We find a large cellar with three naves and a Bi-level colonnade
But in ancient times it was only the priests and initiates who were allowed to walk down the Colonnade and enter religious buildings
Others would have to stop in the pro nows in front of the entrance
every morning the priests purified the cellar with holy water and
made offerings of food and drink to the large statue of the goddess the
[door] was the only opening in the cellar
the wooden ceiling and the imposing statue of the goddess must have filled the hearts of the priests with an
indescribably mystical sensation
The temples at Paestum Fo was fascinated [the] numerous people who visit them in
the 18th and 19th
Centuries famous celebrities such as the archaeologist and art historian [Winckelmann] and the Poets goethe and Shelley
Would come to italy on their grand tour as a kind of pilgrimage in search [of] Beauty
Another fascinating greek site not far from naples is a small fishing Village known as Pottsville [e]
In ancient times it was called Daiki Archaea. Which in Greek means city of justice
It was founded in 529
BC by refugees from the Island of samos
Including the Philosopher pythagoras who were fleeing the tyranny of polycrates?
The Liberty they won was relatively short-lived in
190 Bc a roman colony was instituted on the ruins here that took the name of [Puccio] LI later becoming pots Willie
on
the promontory the ancient acropolis of the City the Romans built a large temple during the Augustan period
the Temple was revealed again recently after a fire destroyed the church of San Pro-Q low in
1963
Pots Willie was the most important port in the empire for descendants of the Greeks rome's true Gateway to the sea
There were docks here for large cargo ships that transported Goods all over the empire
today nothing remains of the ancient Piers
Only A 19th century print that gives us a glimpse of its 15 arches
The economic and commercial importance of the City is evidenced by the Mussalam the market
second in size and variety of Services only to that in rome
The Mussalam was also known as [the] temple of Serapis after the greek divinity and patron of markets in
1750 excavations in the Mussalam were ordered by the King of Naples Charles the fourth of the Bourbon Dynasty
They immediately encountered a small mystery the columns were popped up to a certain height
with strange and irregular holes
Studies showed that the holes were related to the phenomenon known [as] Brady C ism. The
rising and falling of the flag [rhian] coast with respect to the sea
The Temple was thus at time submerged by the sea and when it rose again. It was marked by these holes made by
Mollusks known as Litha fog ax
the Mussalam comprised a large rectangular Portico measuring 190 by
245 feet and
enclosing the shops
It was an impressive and bustling marketplace
At the center of the internal courtyard there was a round building the tholos decorated with marble sculptures and statues
The Market was a riot of mediterranean colors a meeting place [for] many different peoples and languages
from Egyptian and Phoenician to Greek and Latin on
Display were exotic products spices perfumes
appointments Greek and Egyptian antiques and
naturally a wide variety of products from the sea
in 1700 and the large apps behind the tholos
archaeologists found a statue of Serapis after whom the entire complex was named
Not far from pots Willie and another part of the [flue] greenfields is the beautiful and unsettling Solfatara
the Best-known volcanic crater in the Florian area
The Volcano has been dormant for at least [two] [thousand] years, but its characteristic phenomena are still visible today
There are a few places where one has the clear impression of the phrase fire in the belly of the Earth
Tradition has it that giants were chained here after being defeated in a bitter fight with almighty jupiter
The four green fumes according to this ancient myth are unstable because of the agitated
convulsive movements of these giants
Another area related to myths about the underworld is the nearby lake of [aver] no
The door to Hades said to be found on its shores
blanketed in ancient times with a thick forest
according to virgil the sibyl's cave was also here where both aeneas and ulysses went to begin their journeys into the
underworld the
[magna] Graecia was a home to people who not only loved literature and art music and poetry
architecture and drama, but who appreciated the lush landscape the open Seas and the
tantalizing mythology that came with the [territory]
For gods and goddesses and sailors and warriors who came home from the sea
magna Graecia was almost heaven on Earth an
enchanting land
combining a nobility that was all greece on a palette of
exceptional Beauty
you
the Mediterranean [Sea] fourth Century Bc
In every Era people of different ethnic groups have migrated in search of new land to Lay the foundations of new civilizations
sicily a fertile and welcoming [island] was the site of massive migration
The phoenicians were the first to set up trading posts here that later grew into cities
However, they only considered the Island a convenient landing place
Starting from the [8th] century Bc. The Island that was so inviting and rich with water and pastures
attracted the attention of another people the greeks who emigrated there in great numbers in
a few centuries there were such large colonies on the island that sicily had a larger population than
greece itself
archaeological excavations in sicily revealed cities with more temples than were ever seen in greece
Come with us as we explore the dramatic history of the largest island in the mediterranean sea
you
Greek historian Herodotus wrote that Greece had a faithful friend in Poverty
It's a strange thing to say about a land that was considered Glorious proud
undefeatable Elegant and cultured
Yet, that's how things were
many Greeks earned their livelihood through trade others with fine crafts
But the dry stone a Barren and infertile Greek soil
produced very little
from the eighth century
Bc the Greeks started emigrating mostly to the West toward Italy and sicily a
Very fertile land and in an ideal [position] for trade since it was in the middle of the mediterranean Sea lanes
while excavating on sicily
Archaeologists realized that around the middle of the fourth century BC. Many cities expanded into new quarters
often far from the coast they found numerous buildings in the interior of the countryside
What was the cause of this population explosion [and] shift in locations?
By consulting ancient historical texts especially those written by plutarch
Scholars came across a very important event in
339 Bc the Greek colonies on sicily
Defeated the phoenician colonies in the west in a memorable war at himura
they thereby laid the foundations of their supremacy on the Island and
Besieged their homeland for strong [men] to thoroughly colonize sicily
One of the puzzles that has long been debated among archaeologists is the nature of the first greek colonies on sicily?
Were the first settlers the pioneers who came to sicily peaceful explorers who lived in harmony with the local inhabitants?
The so called [zucchini] [ins] or did they forcefully take control of the best land on the Island
According [to] the accounts of ancient historians the Greeks were belligerent people
Unlike the phoenicians who also settled on the island although only for trade purposes
Greek settlers were described as being intent on owning arable land
While the phoenicians built emporiums along the coast and were not interested in the interior
The Greeks tended to Expand and take military control over vast areas
Ortygia is a small island adjacent to sicily and the first settlement of what would become the [largest]
Sicilian Colony of ancient times
syracuse
Excavations under the Present-day Cathedral there which incorporated the Greek temple of Athena
Led to the discovery of an ancient indigenous colony that was supplanted in the eighth century BC by a greek colony
Archaeologists were able to pinpoint the date after studying the type of pottery they found
studies revealed [that] Greek settlers had driven out the native Su camión peoples conquered the city of Syracuse and
Expanded Beyond Ortygia into the mainland
The building boom the greeks initiated may be found to this day in the [still] existing quarries
That the greeks later used to lock up prisoners of war
But people weren't constantly at war on sicily
There were long peaceful periods During which Greek settlers
Exchanged products and compared their artwork with Phoenician settlers and the [cikini] ins
thereby keeping the Island humming with prolific cultural exchange
Syracuse in the fourth Century BC
Was an enormous [city] with mighty fortresses and numerous monuments that were elegantly decorated?
Among the most famous pieces is a gorgon mask and the venus Lando, Lena
Across the canal on the mainland was the second part of the city a city that had become the largest and most important in sicily
Excavating [here] in what is presumed to be the more recent quarters of the city archeologists came across a theater?
strange inscriptions engraved in Stone appeared at various points
Translators soon realized that all those graffiti had something in common. They were names of gods and famous Kings
But what was the relationship between them?
systematic excavation of the theatre and reliefs
Revealed a strange symmetry between the points in which the inscriptions were [found] which led them to unravel the mystery
The names had been engraved to distinguish the theaters various sections and seating arrangements
It was here that the premiere of one of the most representative dramas of Greek culture the persians by Aeschylus was held
The play is about the great victory of the Greek City-States
United for once over the militarily strong persians whom the greeks defined as barbaric and lacking culture
The premiere at Syracuse meant that sicily had become over [time] an integral part of greece after all
Aeschylus like archimedes was [asus] eliot a
Sicilian Greek and spent most of his life at this theater
the theater symbolized the presence of Greeks on sicily
The phoenicians were primarily devoted to trade and spent little time on literature and the Romans who arrived later
Preferred the oval-shaped
Amphitheater where they could watch gladiators in action?
Perhaps the world's highest concentration of ancient Greek theaters is on sicily where culture was associated [with] wealth?
this one at [tinned] [re]
Opens toward the sky and gives us a sense of how the greeks attempted to create dramatic visual
Impact to intensify the pathos of their tragedies
One of the most spectacular greek [theatres] on sicily is undoubtedly the one at Tower Mina dug into a promontory
overhanging the sea
This one at Catania at the foot of mount Etna on the east coast of sicily is like a gem
perfectly inserted into the city landscape
on the other side [of] the Island was a [dredge] [ento] and
along the way was a noted latter fun diem a great land at a state with a
magnificent home almost a palace and a rest stop the so called philosophy
[Anastasio]
This place for centuries existed only in the pages of an antique guide book called the itinerary 'm and toni knee
But eventually it started revealing traces of itself
in the 50s
archeologists systematically began excavating the ruins 40 miles from Catania in the vicinity of piazza Armerina
They came across a real treasure the villa Del [Casali] an owner's country house containing the largest
Richest and most complex set of late antiquity mosaics that have stood the test of time
Nearby at a place called Sophiana similar treasures were discovered preserved over the centuries
Archaeologists unearthed some bricks. They're stamped with a seal with the word philosoph impressed on it
by joining both words
We get filosophy [Onna] the ancient and wealthy land at a state described in the itinerary 'm Antonini
This luxury and this concentration of mosaics along with the Villa Del [Casali] itself
Was typical of the Romans however and not the Greeks?
The Romans arrived on sicily after the Greeks
so these finds actually date from the [late] antiquity period of the 4th century ad
Philosophy Anna the Estate's name perhaps originated from the owners interest in philosophy
Or he could have been an aristocrat involved in the circus business [or] gladiator contests
Perhaps he was a great merchant who traded in exotic animals
One of the largest and most famous mosaics found here is the [so-called] Great hunter
the Mosaic Runs along a corridor
measuring an amazing
216 by 16 feet
the same Shapes appear in the sisters the covered floor of the gymnasium
This other mosaic found not far away
Which modern scholars have called girls in Bikinis has led us [to] believe that a gymnastic?
competition was held in the corridor of [the] great hunt
Reaching agrigento at the other end of the island we find a valley studded with temples many of which are
miraculously still standing
This one the temple of Castor and Pollux the Dioscuri was rebuilt with original material
Imagine dozens of temples in a single Valley
This great archaeological legacy was not the result of a discovery it has always been there
Such a concentration of Majestic Public works has left scholars truly perplexed and not a little mystified
Archaeologists realized that the most important temples like this one called the temple of Concordia
Or this imposing one the temple of zeus olympus
Decorated with [Telamonian]
gigantic figures used as Pillars over 23 feet high
Were erected only a Few years apart around [the] middle of the [5th] century BC
Who could have handled such a huge workload in such a short time and where did all the money come from?
scholars looked for the answer [in] ancient books by Greek Historians, Herodotus and Diodorus siculus
they speak about a tyrant from
Agrigento called Theorem who a Few years earlier had won a devastating war against the phoenicians
the Victory brought him riches
It also brought him an incredibly large number [of] slaves
So much so that some inhabitants of Agrigento owned over 500 of them
The slaves were obviously a great help in building a Valley full of temples
This is what the temple of concordia would have looked like with its original colors in the fourth Century BC in
Fact it was incorrectly believed that all greek temples were fighting
the temple of Concordia is a typical temple of the classical period
with six columns on the short sides and 13 on the long sides
surmounted by clean shaped Doric capitals
Its base made up of four steps was designed to overcome the rises and drops in the Rocky terrain
the Poet Pindar said that agrigento was the most beautiful city of Mortals and
Certainly the temples were its doric glories
In a tranquil setting not far away at selinunte
Also known as salinas one can find three temples in a row erected on level ground
they are ancient and majestic and
identified simply by letters of the alphabet e f and G
Very little is known about them
The ruins of the most imposing one temple g have given archaeologists a real mystery to unravel
The Columns ruined at the base are partly smooth and partly fluted
Although the different styles were both used by the greeks in no temple were both styles used together
[archeologists] wondered about the reason for this mixture
It was certainly not for aesthetic reasons since classical Greek art was based on stylistic consistency
They compared the design with building techniques used in those times
We know that Columns were assembled in blocks the so called drums
One on top of the other until they reached the capital and only then fluted
Therefore the Column of temple g may have been unfinished
But why was it never finished?
Scholars found the answer in some diplomatic treaties between the Greeks and phoenicians
Although [selin] ante remained a greek city it came under phoenician influence around 409 BC
That date marked a watershed in its history in
[order] to conquer selinunte the phoenicians attacked it with overwhelming force and destroyed many of its monuments
Most likely Temple G still needing its final touches was destroyed at that time
When the temples were standing in their full glory however, they were a grand sight
Temple G was perfectly aligned with Temple II
The sacred complex that included a third temple called temple f was erected on the City's Eastern Hill
Temple G was the largest of the three and measured 370 feet on the long sides and
177 feet on the short sides
Although this temple was built in the distant past in the 6th century BC
It was one of the most regal of the greek world [and] soared to nearly 100 feet in height
The size of Temple G
The City's Pride can be inferred by its columns which themselves are almost 56 feet high
Their abacus the square part of the capitol that rests on the architrave extended for an amazing
172 Square feet the Majestic Temple G demonstrates the importance of the city of selinunte
Founded as a colony of another City called Megara [high] [bleeeh]
However selinunte was developed more because of its two seaports
The wealth of the City encouraged a certain degree of sophistication in its architecture
This temple is truly [one-of-a-kind]
You realize [that] when you enter the nave [the] space inside the heart of the temple is strangely on
Archeologists wondered whether this temple had some function other than religious
[it's] grand size and importance seemed to [suggest] it
After studying an inscription found there they figured out that it may have contained the Treasury of [seminal] [cave]
like the main temples of other Sicilian cities
the Central nave was arranged on two levels [the]
Upper level accessed by to side staircases was not open to [worshippers]
Besides aesthetics it had a more practical function. It was used for the routine upkeep of this high structure
Particularly the colossal wooden trusses that supported the roof
The temples [Sella] housed the statue of the God probably apollo or perhaps zeus
Among the ruins
Archaeologists discovered only a headless bust so the discussion remains open
The acropolis the highest part of the City was where the well-preserved temples C was located
The new Phoenician quarters were built in the vicinity of the acropolis after [selin] ante had come under their control
but the Greeks had decided to stay and
the Aleni an indigenous population from nearby Sagasta later frequented the City
They often fought with the inhabitants of [selinunte], but at times also collaborated with them in
this connection Greek historian Thucydides
Recalls the signing of a treaty between the two peoples that allowed them to intermarry
Thus more than in any other place on sicily on this acropolis one could perceive that mixture of races
And variety of backgrounds that make a culture great
Cicely its trade riches and Elegant buildings made at the beating heart of Manya Grisha
sicily
Bridging continents, and
civilizations a
fertile and colorful land where long after homers time
The Greeks still believe the cattle of the sun gods Roamed the hills
sicily a land coveted by many yet ultimately
controlled only by
Beneficent Nature
sicily the Jewel of the Exotic ancient Mediterranean
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