Youtube daily what Jul 17 2017

SARAH: Welcome back to SmartPak's Ask

the Vet video series, with Dr Lydia Gray, SmartPak Staff

Veterinarian and Medical Director.

I'm SmartPaker Sarah.

And I don't know if you guys missed us, but we missed you.

DR LYDIA GRAY: Oh my gosh, yeah.

SARAH: We did not get to film a video last month because

of a scheduling conflict, which if you can believe,

it was not because Dr Gray lives in Illinois.

I was the problem, and I come to the office every day.

So, I'm sorry that we missed you guys.

But we're going to make up for it

and we're going to do two back to back videos.

We're going to answer 10 questions today.

But only five in this video, and you're

going to have to wait a little bit for the next one

to come out.

So just be just be patient, but it's coming.

So as always, we're here to answer your horse health

questions.

And the questions that get submitted and voted on,

as you guys know, are all eligible to get a gift

card if we answer the question in the video.

And if you get your question answered and you haven't gotten

your gift card, email CustomerCare@SmartPak.com

and we'll make sure we take care of that for you right away.

In the meantime, you can check out our horse health library

for all of the questions that we've answered previously.

Because a lot of times we get a lot of repeat questions.

DR LYDIA GRAY: Well that's how questions get selected.

If I just answered it, I'm not going

to pick it again to be voted on.

SARAH: Because we want to keep you guys excited and interested

and watching for more.

DR LYDIA GRAY: And there's lots of good topics out there.

So keep sending new topics.

SARAH: Absolutely.

We are always looking for new questions.

Speaking of how many questions we have answered,

we hit a milestone.

We've done five questions a month for over a year now.

So we've gotten through a whole bunch of questions.

But we got our 1,000th question submitted.

DR LYDIA GRAY: Nice.

And that's on them.

SARAH: Which is really exciting.

So thank all of you guys for submitting that.

And, we got our first question via text.

DR LYDIA GRAY: Cool.

It's about time.

I'm a little surprised.

SARAH: I know.

We're really, we're coming into this millennium.

And it's very exciting.

But if you guys don't know, you can text our Customer Care team

to place an order, or have account management.

There's all kinds of details.

You can go to SmartPak.com and visit the Contact Us page

to find out more about texting.

DR LYDIA GRAY: Making your life easier, one text at a time.

SARAH: That's right.

That's right.

Changing the world, four hooves at a time.

All right.

So with that, let's jump in to our questions.

Our first question was submitted by marislisa on Instagram.

And she's wondering, "How do we know

if I need to give my horse electrolytes

after an intense ride on a hot day?"

And boy, is that a topical question right now.

DR LYDIA GRAY: Oh, gosh, because it's really humid.

SARAH: And you're-- so Illinois and the Midwest is pretty

humid.

But yesterday here at SmartPak was awful.

DR LYDIA GRAY: Was Iike Illinois weather.

SARAH: Was like swimming through the parking lot.

DR LYDIA GRAY: Yeah, yeah.

So that's the critical thing.

It's not as simple as adding the temperature to the humidity,

although there is that rule of 150, that works to a degree.

When weather, and companies do it,

it's a really complicated algorithm.

But the humidity is what makes it tough for horses, right,

and the heat.

And so what you can do is--

this is my rule.

Not the rule of 150, it's Lydia's rule.

But I feed my horse salt year round.

Because in the summer, you need it for sweating.

And in the winter you need it for drinking and hydration.

OK.

Then in the summer I add, I don't change, I add,

electrolytes.

And when I heard a question I thought, why not?

Because electrolytes are not something you can load.

They don't save them.

So you can't feed them say in May,

and then be all set for, you know, June, July, August.

You feed them every day.

And you even give like a paste of them

on particularly hot, humid, sweaty, hard work days.

But you don't have to have an intense ride, as she says,

to give, to know, to trigger yourself,

oh I should give electrolytes.

Any horse, anywhere, that's sweating needs electrolytes.

Because it's not just fluid that is sweated out

like to cool the body.

It's the fluid and minerals like sodium, chloride, potassium.

And also to a more limited extent, calcium, magnesium.

So why not give them?

They're safe.

They're just excreted out in the urine if they're not used.

But if they're needed, they're there.

And so your horse does not get into a situation

of dehydration, but also being deficient

in those key minerals.

So I say salt year round, electrolytes whenever there's

a potential for sweating.

And keep pastes on hand for when you're trailering,

and it's hot.

Or you are going to compete and it's hot.

And then you're good.

SARAH: So electrolytes, a little bit more

like for people taking a daily multi-vitamin, and less

like taking an Advil when you have a headache.

It's not for a specific problem.

It's like a general good thing to do

all the time, kind of deal.

DR LYDIA GRAY: Oh, yes.

SARAH: You see what I mean?

DR LYDIA GRAY: I do.

SARAH: She's talking about like oh, after an intense ride.

It's like, was today hard enough that he needs an electrolyte?

And if he's sweating, let them have electrolytes.

DR LYDIA GRAY: I don't think of it that way.

I think of it as something that should be on board daily,

and then maybe a little extra hit

when it gets like yesterday.

SARAH: Yes.

So you talked about that humidity

is what makes it really hard for horses when it's hot.

Why is that?

DR LYDIA GRAY: Well, because horses are like people,

and that they sweat to cool themselves off.

And when the moisture in the air climbs,

then that mechanism, that cooling method,

is not as effective.

And that's when you can run into dangerous situations of heat

exhaustion, or even heat stroke.

SARAH: All right.

So sweating is actually good for you, not just an unfortunate

thing that happens.

DR LYDIA GRAY: No, it's very good for you.

SARAH: When you walk around in the parking

lot for four minutes.

OK.

Our next question is from Hannah,

and it was submitted to CustomerCare@SmartPak.com.

And Hannah is wondering, "Are there

certain things you would recommend for older

horses, versus younger horses?"

So would you recommend it more for an older horse?

"Why," and she has suggested examples

are cold hosing, longer warm ups,

stretching before a ride etc.

DR LYDIA GRAY: So this is more in terms of like exercise?

SARAH: That is where it seems her question is going,

although if my 28-year-old horse, Cody, answered

this question, he would say older horses deserve

more treats.

Because they've put up with a lot more.

But he gets plenty of SmartCookies.

DR LYDIA GRAY: Here's what's interesting, is there's

actually beginning to be some significant research

right in this area, because horses are living longer.

I mean--

SARAH: Just like people.

DR LYDIA GRAY: Just like people.

So the health care nutrition is really ramping up

and the horse's lives are being extended.

And so now we're like, but wait a minute,

is there a difference in exercise,

or how you should work the older horse versus the younger horse?

It turns out there is.

There is, just like in people, an age related

loss of muscle mass.

There's an age, and I forget if it's 40, maybe 45, when

the muscle mass--

SARAH: For people?

DR LYDIA GRAY: In people, begins to decrease over time.

And so you need to counter that.

And it's the same in horses.

And so they looked at why does that happen?

And it's complicated.

It's cool, it's interesting.

It's got to do with satellite cells,

if you want to Google it.

But there is a loss in the mass, the volume,

of muscle in horses.

It's harder to maintain their top line.

So you need to do specific things to maintain it.

Likewise, for certain reasons, horses and people, as they age,

have a reduced aerobic capacity.

So her point, I think she talked on, should you warm up slower?

Yes.

And cool down longer?

Yes.

All those things, because part of it is,

they have a reduced circulating blood volume.

And they're not able to also dissipate heat as well.

We just talked about that a little bit

in the previous question.

So for lots of different areas in exercise physiology,

as horses age, they're less efficient in their mechanisms

to build muscle, to increase their cardiovascular output,

to dissipate heat as they work.

So all those things need to be taken into consideration.

The bad news is that the researchers

aren't sure what we should be doing to counter that.

Although, if you just use common sense with the longer,

slower warm ups, not letting the older horse down or off

completely.

So, not pulling shoes and tossing them out

for the winter, but keeping them on a plane of fitness.

It's going to be harder to bring them back.

That sort of thing.

And just being really, paying close attention

to your older horse, and knowing when he needs a break.

When he's had it.

Maybe it's a different exercise program

that is designed to build more muscle that you didn't have

to worry about when he was 5 or 10, but now that he's 15, 20,

you do.

SARAH: It's kind of like we say a lot,

every horse is different.

And it seems like as your horse starts to get older,

maybe every year is different.

And listen to your horse.

You know, when you're riding, and really take the time

to see how he's feeling.

I'm glad to hear that horses are living

longer, because my plan is for Cody to live forever.

So we're working on that, we're working right towards it.

DR LYDIA GRAY: You let me know how that goes.

SARAH: I will.

28 years going strong, so.

DR LYDIA GRAY: That is impressive, right there.

SARAH: Thank you.

So we have one more question, another question

from Instagram, Reagan Little, the Hunter Jumper.

Wow, what a great name.

I always like when you have like "the" after your name.

DR LYDIA GRAY: Like the only one?

SARAH: Like Lydia the beautiful.

DR LYDIA GRAY: Oh, I love that one.

SARAH: I thought you might.

DR LYDIA GRAY: It's probably already taken.

SARAH: If you're getting a new horse,

how do you figure out what to feed?

DR LYDIA GRAY: It's such a simple but practical question.

And what's interesting is, I just helped a friend do this.

And it was harder than I thought, so glad you asked it.

I think the first step is finding out

what the horse ate before.

Because we know, you want to keep feed the same.

And by feed, I'm talking about the hay, as well as the grain.

So as much as you can, keep everything the same.

SARAH: And why is that important?

DR LYDIA GRAY: Because it's been shown that changing of hay

increases colic risk by a factor of 10,

and changing grain increases colic risk by a factor of five.

SARAH: And that changing hay doesn't

mean like you moved across the country,

and now you're getting a totally different type of hay.

It's like even from the same field, a couple of months

later.

It's a big deal.

DR LYDIA GRAY: The microorganisms

in the gut that do the majority of the digesting,

they just get shocked.

They do not like surprises.

So no balloons, no, none of that.

They just keep it the same.

Same.

So that's the first step.

And then I'm calculating any horse's diet.

I look at the forage first.

And make sure they're getting 1% to 2% of their body weight

each day in high quality forage.

And then I complete and balance the diet.

SARAH: What are some examples of a high quality forage?

DR LYDIA GRAY: Well, it should be clean and free

of dust and mold.

So that's one criteria of quality.

But the other is, just that it's not straw like.

It's not completely stemmy.

But it's got some leaves, because that's

where their nutrition is.

It's got a fair amount of protein.

Like you don't want hay that is less than 10% protein.

You want hay that has some protein in it as well as it's

not been sitting around for two, three, four years.

But it's green, and fluffy, and bright.

And it's got still some vitamins and minerals in it.

So those are the quality issues I look at.

SARAH: And so it's hay, and pasture.

Anything else that people can lump into the category

of thinking forage first?

DR LYDIA GRAY: Depending on where you live,

you may have to stretch your hay.

And there are some commercial products that do that.

Beet pulp is sort of a bridge between forage and grain.

So it does have a good fiber content that's available.

I feel like I'm missing something you were thinking of.

SARAH: No, I mean you kind of got there

with the hay stretcher and the beet pulp,

was the other example that I think people don't often

think of, when they're thinking of how

to get myself more forage.

Because hay can be expensive.

And with droughts, hay can be hard to come by.

DR LYDIA GRAY: Right.

And then the quality, based on the weather,

the quality can be not so good.

So you may have to stretch every once

in a while, and that that's OK.

SARAH: OK, so forage first.

Where are we are off to next?

DR LYDIA GRAY: Well then you complete and balance the diet.

And your options there are something,

if you have a really good hay, then

you might just need a multi-vitamin mineral

supplement.

That's great.

And if you think your hay may be not so high in protein,

maybe you had it analyzed.

Then a ration balancer is also a good choice.

You can go up the rung of the ladder again

to a fortified grain.

But then you have to feed the full serving that the bag says.

And even a complete feed, typically thought

of as senior feed, is an option.

And then you look at, all along, you've

been assessing the body condition score.

And maybe even putting a weight tape on every week or two.

And you're like, is he maintaining his weight

and condition with his new place he's

at and the work he's doing?

Or is he gaining weight, or losing weight?

And so you use that information, and you adjust the diet.

You just started this diet based on well,

this calculates out right.

Well, we'll see how it actually works on the horse.

So then you either add some calories in,

and you can do that with the beet pulp, I like for that.

You can add calories.

Oats is a good way to add some oats when you need them,

and decrease.

There's supplements like fat that help with weight gain.

Or you may need to back the horse off a little bit.

So maybe you were feeding a fortified grain,

but the horse is gaining weight.

Back off to a ration balancer.

Back off to a multi-vitamin.

Maybe add-- maybe slow down the eating,

with like a small hole hay net, or a slow hay feeder.

So you start with something that works out on paper,

and then you adjust based on the feedback

you're getting from the horse.

SARAH: And the physical feedback,

because the emotional feedback will always be feed me more.

DR LYDIA GRAY: More food, more treats, yeah.

SARAH: So there's a lot of things

that we touched on there that you and I talk about

and feeding horses a lot.

It's something we're very passionate about here

at SmartPak.

And so there's a couple of things that we can talk about.

We could spend hours and hours on this subject alone.

DR LYDIA GRAY: Yes.

SARAH: So I just want to call out a couple of things

that we're going to have in the description for you.

One is a blog about how to read your feed label.

Dr Gray talked about making sure that you're feeding

the full serving on the bag.

A lot of people don't even know that grain has a serving size,

and it's based on your horse's weight.

So we've got a blog for that.

The second one that we talked about

is, you talked about having your hay analyzed.

And I'm assuming you don't mean lying on the couch,

and talking about its problems?

How do you get your hay analyzed?

DR LYDIA GRAY: There are a couple

of places in the country you can send samples of hay.

They tell you how to sample.

You do need a special device.

But locally, you can get that from your feed store,

or county extension agent.

And then you send to these labs, and they analyze it

for proteins, and carbohydrates, and vitamins and minerals.

And there's different panels you can pay for.

They range in price.

And then it comes back, and then you know what quality of hay

you have.

And then what is needed to complete and balance it.

Like, I don't need anything, because it's super hay.

Or I need a pretty extensive fortified grain,

because this hay is really just like fiber, and that's it.

SARAH: When you said I don't eat anything, I have a super hay,

I thought you were just bragging.

But then I realized it was just an example.

[INTERPOSING VOICES]

DR LYDIA GRAY: That's the hay talking.

SARAH: Last but not least, we have body condition scoring.

So that's when Dr Gray, you talked about the feedback

that your horse is giving you.

And body condition scoring, it's hard to get your horse

to stand on a bathroom scale without breaking it.

So body condition scoring lets you

keep tabs on how your horse is doing, in terms

of his overall fat cover.

And we've got a whole bunch of great content

about that, as well.

DR LYDIA GRAY: I think there's articles and video, right?

SARAH: Oh, yeah.

We've got a lot going on.

So those will all be down in the description for you.

Wow, great questions.

So exciting.

DR LYDIA GRAY: It seems so simple, and it was so short.

But it just covered so many areas.

SARAH: Yeah.

So question #4 was submitted by sammysamsam12.

DR LYDIA GRAY: Oh my gosh.

SARAH: Which is a great name.

My nephew's name is Sam.

And sammysamsam12 is wondering "When

moving barns, what precautions can you

take to decrease your horse's stress

and make it as seamless as possible?"

DR LYDIA GRAY: That kind of blends into the last question.

Because keeping the food the same, same, same, samey same.

SARAH: Oh!

DR LYDIA GRAY: Is the first step I would do.

I would say, when I'm moving, I would ask my two owners,

can I take some bales of hay from this place,

and move them over.

That's going to relieve--

SARAH: It's important to ask.

DR LYDIA GRAY: A lot of the stress.

Yeah, don't go in the cover of night and take it.

Done that, been there.

So the food is the same.

And the same with the grain.

Try to-- so that is out of the equation.

You remove that.

The next thing I would think about

is keeping the schedule the same, as best you can.

I know if you're moving from, say, a pasture

situation to a barn, or you're moving

from a really big barn to a small place,

you might not have a lot of ability for that.

But as best you can, keep the feeding on the same time,

keep the turnout the same.

Like, don't go from no turnout or 30 minutes a day to 24/7.

Wee!

It's great.

SARAH: Or big group to small group,

or being alone to a big group.

DR LYDIA GRAY: Yeah, and to me the social dynamics

are another whole thing in themselves.

You have to be very careful when you introduce horses

to each other.

Hopefully the new place will say,

we have a perfect group for your guy, based on age and size,

and all of that.

And they'll work with you, so that it's very safe.

There are some guidelines for that.

I did have some other lists on here.

Oh, you know this is a big one.

Try not to do veterinary work, like wellness care,

right when you move.

Leave yourself about two weeks, where there are--

SARAH: So not like vaccines, and then on the trailer.

DR LYDIA GRAY: No, because you need

about two weeks for it to work.

And you know with deworming the same way.

Because that, having the vet out, I don't know why,

but it's also very stressful.

And then you're asking the body to internally do some things.

And so you don't want to shock its system completely

by new food, new environment, new friends, and then

and also, you know, here's a vaccine,

like a five-way to work up.

So save that.

Do that earlier, because you may also

need a Coggins or health certificate,

depending on how far you're going.

And then don't add any new challenges.

Like don't move and immediately start in a lesson program.

Or go to a show.

So give your horse some time to adapt to all the new things,

and then begin to add in even more new things.

And that will, at least, not put a huge trust load

on at one time.

But sort of spread it out.

SARAH: Yeah.

So you talked about, that there are some things that

are just unavoidable.

Like if you're changing from a totally different situation,

you can't invent 30 acres of pasture at your new barn.

DR LYDIA GRAY: Not yet.

SARAH: If that's what you had at your old barn.

And so, some horses also have to go into quarantine

when they move, which can be really stressful,

because those horse is alone.

They spend a lot of time in a stall.

Are there any preventative, or proactive

things that horse owners can do if they're moving,

and they know their horse is going

to be exposed to stress that they can't avoid?

Is there any kind of support, or things

to be particularly mindful of?

Are there areas of the body that are more stressed than others?

DR LYDIA GRAY: Well, horses, their stomach

seems to be where their stress sort of gathers and collects.

And so that's the one organ that we think of,

protect at all costs.

Because once that begins to be irritated or inflamed,

then it just spreads throughout.

So at the very least, I mean, that's

why we talked about keeping the nutrition the same.

But you may want to add on a gastric or even hind

gut support supplement to assist your horse

during this transition period.

That's good.

In addition, talk to your veterinarian.

You might want to go one step further, and actually

provide something like UlcerGuard, which

is omeprazole, which is an FDA approved medication

to prevent ulcers.

That might be a good step.

But I would have a conversation with your vet.

Some horses don't need it, and others every time they

go to a show, they need that support.

So certainly, moving barns, they will be like whoa, that crazy.

My stomach is butterflies.

So those are two things I would think of.

SARAH: Yeah.

And it's one of those ounce of prevention, you know,

sort of situations.

DR LYDIA GRAY: Absolutely.

SARAH: It was really nice to be able to think

about that beforehand, rather than deal with weeks or months

of something on the other side.

Thank you, sammysamsam.

Last but not least, we have sophie_equestrian14

on Instagram wondering, "What do you

do when your horse constantly shakes and has sensitive ears,

but there is no sign of mites?"

DR LYDIA GRAY: I have a quote here

from one of my favorite veterinarians.

His name is Dr Kent Allen.

SARAH: You're one of my favorite veterinarians,

just so you know.

DR LYDIA GRAY: Oh, that's so nice.

He is an FEI veterinarian, a foreign veterinary delegate.

He's been our team vet.

He's the chairman of the US Equestrian Drugs

and Medications Committee.

I mean, he's the bomb.

And what he says is, absent a diagnosis, medicine is poison,

surgery is trauma, and alternative therapy

is witchcraft.

The point is, get a diagnosis.

What this person describes could be so many things.

It could be aural plaques in the ears.

And I think we've talked about that.

It could be teeth problem.

It could be a sinus, a guttural pouch.

It could not even be anything with the head.

It could be a tack issue.

All sorts of things.

So you've got to get the vet out,

you've got to get a diagnosis.

Now, one thing it could be.

And I don't know we've talked about this.

I'm using this opportunity to do so,

is head shaking, because, I think there

is shaking mentioned in there.

That's a whole syndrome in and of itself.

And it has to do with the trigeminal nerve that

comes down in the head.

And it's fascinating, unless your horse has it.

And then it's maddening to them and to you.

And one of the things that people use for this

is why we have all these masks out here.

This is called a nose net, because horses

that head shake, they think it feels like a buzzing, a tingle,

an electric shock almost.

And it can be stimulated by light, by wind, by bugs.

But if you just put something over their nose.

So this would attach to the caveson nose band.

And then this part covers the nose.

And it's sort of like when you put your finger under your nose

to sneeze.

So they feel like just touching their nose gives them

some relief.

So that's what I use.

I used that one when I ride, because of course he has it.

This I think is new.

SARAH: Of course.

DR LYDIA GRAY: Of course.

This is new from Absorbine.

But this is detachable.

But it covers the eyes, and the ears, and the nose completely.

So when you're out in the pasture,

and your horse is a head shaker, then this

provides a lot of comfort.

The one I have is this brand.

SARAH: The Crusader?

DR LYDIA GRAY: Yeah.

SARAH: Cody wears that one, too.

His name's right there.

DR LYDIA GRAY: Oh, nice.

Because you can get it embroidered.

SARAH: You can.

DR LYDIA GRAY: And then no one can borrow yours.

SARAH: That's right.

DR LYDIA GRAY: So I love--

I love this.

This is excellent.

SARAH: Lots of good coverage.

DR LYDIA GRAY: Yeah, so.

SARAH: Got lots of options.

DR LYDIA GRAY: We do.

We have lots of options.

Let's just sit this one up so it looks pretty again.

But the diagnosis is the main thing.

And then based on what it is, then

you look at now what do I do?

Obviously if it's a teeth problem,

you know, then you have the mouth worked on.

If it's aural plaques, you may or may not have options.

If it's head shaking, then figuring out what

stimulates or triggers your horse,

and then it's sort of a--

SARAH: How much can you cope?

DR LYDIA GRAY: Well, that.

You have to test to try different things,

to see what works.

So, because in some cases, there was a research study

two years ago at AAEP that said magnesium was super helpful.

It was the most of like anything.

And then when it was combined with melatonin,

then it even was better.

There isn't really a drug for head shaking yet.

There's a lot of research on it, but if that's

something your horse has, we do have articles and information

about that.

SARAH: Oh, yeah.

We've got lots of stuff.

DR LYDIA GRAY: We've got lots of stuff.

SARAH: All right, well those are all our questions

for our July video.

Thank you guys so much for watching.

Thank you for submitting the great questions.

And because of our schedule, my fault, again, very sorry,

our September video questions are going

to be accepted until July 28.

So you've got some time to get those

in for the September video.

As always, you can submit your questions

on YouTube, Facebook, Instagram, Twitter,

on our blog at blog.SmartPak.com.

You can email them to CustomerCare@SmartPak.com.

You can text them to us.

DR LYDIA GRAY: I thought you were going to forget that one.

SARAH: No, never.

And you can click to chat on our website, too.

So don't forget about that.

And don't forget to use hashtag #AsktheVetvideo so we can keep

track of all those questions.

Otherwise, they're just out in the world,

and you're probably going to get some unhelpful answers

from your uncle on Facebook, or something.

So use that hashtag and you'll get the most helpful answers.

And some beautiful things to look at as well.

If your question was answered in this or a previous video,

like I said at the beginning, email CustomerCare@SmartPak.com

to get your gift card.

And as always, don't forget to vote.

And don't forget to subscribe, so

that you know when our voting comes out,

and when you can vote on your question to get it answered.

And win your gift card.

As always, thanks for watching, and have a great ride.

For more infomation >> Ask the Vet - Head shaking, electrolytes, what to feed horses, and more! - July 2017 - Duration: 26:53.

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what redbone would sound like if it was eddsworld - Duration: 0:31.

Tord.

T o r d.

T o r d.

T o r d.

T o r d.

T o r d.

For more infomation >> what redbone would sound like if it was eddsworld - Duration: 0:31.

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What Bitcoin Is And How It Works - Duration: 5:51.

don't miss out on new videos click the bell and if you enjoyed this video give

it a thumbs up for more at a very basic level bitcoin is just a digital file or

ledger that contains names and balances and people exchanged money by changing

this file when Bob sells Carol a lawnmower for 5.2 bitcoins Bob's balance

goes up by 5.2 and Carol's down by 5.2 there's no gold or government-issued

money backing these numbers Bob is only willing to trade his real-life lawnmower

for a higher number in this digital file because he has faith that other people

will also trust the system so who maintains this ledger and make sure no

one cheats when goal of bitcoin is to avoid any centralized control so every

participant maintains their own copy of the ledger one surprising consequence of

this is that everyone can see everyone else's balances although the real system

only uses account numbers and not names so there's some level of anonymity if

everyone maintains their own ledger how are all the Ledger's kept in sync as

money is transferred at a basic level when you want to send money you simply

tell everyone else by broadcasting a message with your account number the

receivers and the amount everyone across the entire world then updates their

ledger as a quick aside I'm describing how Bitcoin works for power users people

who help maintain the system you can also just use the system to send and

receive money though without maintaining a ledger if sending money is as simple

as creating a message with some account numbers what's to stop a thief Alice

from spending Bob's money by using his account number like a pen and paper

check the coin requires a kind of signature to prove that the sender is

the real owner of an account but is based on math rather than handwriting

when a new account number is created it comes along with a private key

mathematically linked to that account number if you heard of a Bitcoin wallet

these keys are what it holds and are what allow you to create signatures to

create a signature a private key and the text from a transaction are fed into a

special cryptographic function another function allows other people to check

the signature making sure it was created by the account owner and that it applies

to that specific transaction unlike the handwritten version these signatures

can't be copied and reused in the future as they're unique to each transaction

while the mathematical signatures who sent a transaction they can't prove

when it was sent and this turns out to be problematic in our traditional

banking system if Alice wrote two checks but only had enough money to cover one

of them the bank would pay the first person that's tempting the cash is

checked but refused the second because alice's account would be empty so the

order of these checks is critical because it determines who should get

paid unfortunately order is much harder to determine in Bitcoin where instead of

a single Bank there are individuals all over the world network delays might

cause transactions to arrive in different orders in different places and

fraudsters could lie about time stamps two recipients might both think their

transaction is first and ship a product effectively allowing Alice to spend

money twice Bitcoin prevents this by providing a way for the entire world to

decide on transaction order as new transactions are created they go into a

pool of pending transactions and from here they'll be sorted into a giant

chain that locks in their order to select which transaction is next a kind

of mathematical lottery is held participants select a pending

transaction of their choice and begin trying to solve a special problem that

will link it to the end of the chain the first person to find a solution wins and

gets to have their transaction selected is next in the chain so what's this

linking problem it's based on a special function called a cryptographic hash as

scary as this sounds it just mixes up its inputs and spits out a number but

it's special because it's irreversible there's no easy way to start with an

output and then find an input that generates it other than by making lots

of guesses and this is literally what people are doing in Bitcoin feeding this

function random numbers until the output meets certain criteria besides a random

guess you also input a transaction from the pending pool and chain which is

where the linking part comes in so the library provides a way for the

entire world to decide which transaction is next that the math behind it also

helps ensure everyone agrees without past transactions - suppose you're

joining the network for the first time and request a copy of the transaction

chain to get caught out but receive several different versions which one

should you trust ideally you would trust the one that the majority of people are

using but determining this on the internet is difficult what would stop a

single person from voting millions of times

Bitcoin prevents this by requiring people to solve math problems to vote

this causes each vote to have a cost in computing power making it unlikely that

a single person or group could ever afford to out though or out compute the

majority of users the transaction ordering process described before

actually provides the voting system part of the input to the linking problem is a

transaction from the end of a chain so each guess is effectively a vote for

that chain but how are all the votes tallied because the cryptographic hash

function has well-defined statistical properties you can look at any given

answer and estimate how many guesses it took to find it just like estimating how

many coin flips it would take to get 100 heads in a row so the links in a chain

not only put transactions in order but also act as an effective vote tally

making it easy to see which chain was people are using finally how does money

get created every time someone wins the lottery to pick the next transaction in

the chain the bitcoins are created out of thin air and awarded to their account

solving these problems is commonly called mining as this is how money

enters the system but the main purpose of the math is to make sure everyone's

Ledger's a drink the math Simplot provides a convenient way to randomly

distribute money into the world in fact sometime around twenty one forty no more

money will be created and participants will only be paid from fees added on to

transactions I hope this gives you a quick sense for

how Bitcoin works if you'd like a more detailed summary check out my 22 minute

video how Bitcoin works under the hood

For more infomation >> What Bitcoin Is And How It Works - Duration: 5:51.

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What's The Correlation Between Time Spent And Ad Spend on Mobile? Social Media Minute - Duration: 2:02.

Hi, I'm Jan Rezab this is Social Media Minute.

I want to focus on time spent, which is a topic I am very passionate about

and something we don't pay enough attention to when allocating our budgets.

When we look at Mary Meeker's report,

by the way you should absolutely look into it even though it has 300+ slides.

She points out that the time spent

in last 5 years in the US on digital media per day

went from 3.7 hours to 5.6 hours in total.

Five years ago,

0.8 hours per day of that were not mobile.

Now it's 3.1 hours.

There's more time spent on mobile devices

than there is, for example, on your actual Internet device.

Which is pretty shocking, right?

One thing Mary Meeker also pointed out in her report is the gap

between time spent percentage and the allocation of budgets.

If there's a disproportional amount of money allocated to print

when time spent is not in print anymore,

there's a negatively disproportional amount of time,

money invested in mobile media,

then there is time.

We need to fill that gap and this is just the US data she shows.

In other markets, it'll be even worse.

Meaning more time spent with mobile devices

and much, much less money spent on mobile advertising.

This means you should put your money where your users' time spent is.

Monitor your users' time spent.

Read everything you can about time-based research in your market

or conduct that research in your market.

Because this is the data we need to make business decisions.

Subscribe to us and watch us every Monday morning.

Thank you very much.

For more infomation >> What's The Correlation Between Time Spent And Ad Spend on Mobile? Social Media Minute - Duration: 2:02.

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What is a Monograph? - Duration: 3:01.

Hi there.

I am John Bond from Riverwinds Consulting and this is Publishing Defined.

Today I am going to go discuss the broadest of topics: what is a monograph?

A monograph, to many people, is another name for a book.

A monograph is scholarly a work usually on a single topic.

Many times, it is written by one author.

It is always non-fiction.

A monograph differs from a textbook which is a book used by students for a particular

area of study.

Unlike a textbook, the purpose of a monograph is to present research or scholarship on a

topic.

This research is different from an article in several ways, but most notably is a monograph

is much longer.

There is probably no consensus as to length, but a range might be 25,000 to 75,000 words,

plus images and tables.

A monograph is usually a single installment and not a multi-volume or periodic series.

Monographs many times are a sign of academic advancement by the author as their career

and research progresses.

Other individuals in a field and libraries are usually considered the prime markets for

monographs, but that is changing.

Textbooks on the other hand, are required by an instructor or professor and discuss

and encompass an area of study for a students' use.

The student may either receive the textbook from the institution or purchase it themselves.

The growing costs of textbooks has become a concern to many.

Returning to monographs, they traditionally were presented in print form; and then print

and eBook form.

Now increasingly they are eBook only.

They also can also be offered in large eBook collections or databases that institutions

might subscribe to.

The print version might also be available through a print-on-demand option.

Another trend has been toward open access monographs.

Most researchers primary interest is the widest dissemination of their work.

Open access allows for this, with few barriers to access.

The stumbling block for the growth of OA monographs is the required funding by the author to finance

its creation.

As the publishing word changes, monographs and scholarly books will evolve as well.

Lengths, formats, and their digital presentation will continue to reflect the rapidly changing

world to adapt to researchers and readers' needs.

Well that's it.

I've released a new eBook called, "The Request for Proposal in Publishing: Managing

the RFP Process."

It is a short, focused guide to this essential business task that associations or societies

use to find potential publishing partners.

See the link in the notes below for more information on the book or how to purchase it.

Hit the Like button below if you enjoyed this video.

Please subscribe to my YouTube channel or click on the playlist to see more videos about

monographs.

And make comments below or email me with questions.

Thank so much and take care.

For more infomation >> What is a Monograph? - Duration: 3:01.

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Heidelberg, Germany guide, what to eat and do vlog part 1- Heidelberg Castle (Schloss) - Duration: 5:38.

Heidelberg, Germany guide, what to eat and do vlog part 1- Heidelberg Castle (Schloss)

Welcome to Heidelberg, Germany

Behind me is the famous castle in Heidelberg

Heidelberg beer fromm Vetter Brauhaus

Kulturbrauerei Heidelberg

Hauptstrabe, Heidelberg

Hussel Chocolates, Heidelberg

Funicular train in Heidelberg up to the castle

f you have any suggestions for what to eat or what to do in Heidelberg please leave a comment

Heidelberg, Germany guide, what to eat and do vlog part 2- The monkey, the Bridge and the best burger in Heidelberg Joe Molese

For more infomation >> Heidelberg, Germany guide, what to eat and do vlog part 1- Heidelberg Castle (Schloss) - Duration: 5:38.

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Investigative Reporter Amanda Smith learns what it takes to get a motorcycle license pt. 1 - Duration: 1:49.

For more infomation >> Investigative Reporter Amanda Smith learns what it takes to get a motorcycle license pt. 1 - Duration: 1:49.

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WHAT I GOT FOR MY BIRTHDAY ❤ | Carmen. - Duration: 6:09.

For more infomation >> WHAT I GOT FOR MY BIRTHDAY ❤ | Carmen. - Duration: 6:09.

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What Would Happen If We Killed ALL Mosquitoes? - Duration: 3:08.

Mosquitos.

They're called "the deadliest animal in the world" for their incessant spreading

of deadly diseases like malaria, which killed an estimated 429,000 in 2015 alone.

But what would happen if we killed them all..?

Nearly half the world lives at risk of malaria.

So depending on where you live, mosquitoes may range from an itch-inducing annoyance

to a constant threat.

That's led scientists to ask: What if we killed them all?

We just don't know, many of those experts have concluded.

But they can imagine.

More than 3,500 mosquitoes species exist, but only a few affect our health.

The Anopheles gambiae carries malaria, for example.

The Aedes aegypti came to the U.S. aboard slave ships, spreading yellow fever and, as

seen last year, Zika.

So we wouldn't need to kill them all, just a few.

The food chain would likely be OK.

Mosquitoes act as a key food source for fish, birds, lizards, frogs and bats and other animals.

Yet no species relies solely on them.

Other insects could flourish in their place, and it seems most species would find alternatives

to eat.

And while mosquitoes do help pollinate thousands of plants, mosquito pollination isn't critical

to any plants humans rely on.

Phil Lounibos, a University of Florida entomologist, has said that whatever insect rises up to

replace mosquitoes could prove "equally, or more, undesirable from a public health

viewpoint," as he told BBC last year.

Science writer David Quammen has suggested that mosquitoes protected tropical rainforests

in which they thrive, keeping human beings —and deforestation—at bay.

Inevitably, the absence of mosquitoes would shift our ecosystems.

But would those shifts be drastic or long lasting?

Again, we don't know for sure.

Ecosystems are complex, and experts disagree.

However, there is one drastic change we would see: Hundreds of thousands of children would

not die from malaria each year, most of which being children under five.

And eliminate the 55,000 annual deaths reducible from yellow fever, because the mosquito Aedes

aegypti is the main carrier.

That human toll has researchers pondering how to rid the earth of (at least some) mosquitoes.

British researchers developed genetically modified Aedes aegypti mosquitoes that self-destruct,

though the process is costly and uncertain.

"Global elimination of an entire species, I think, is a little far-fetched," said

Steven Juliano, an Illinois State University ecologist, to the Smithsonian.

He added: "I think they have a good chance of reducing local populations, maybe even

eradicating a species in a locality."

For more infomation >> What Would Happen If We Killed ALL Mosquitoes? - Duration: 3:08.

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Sooo...What now? - Duration: 2:32.

What is puppylovebug to me? Who is puppylovebug? (Listen to secret messages!)

Why do I even bother making videos? (end of secret messages)

These are the questions I have been asking myself lately.

The reason why I haven't been uploading videos for the past weeks is because my friend Ellie got me thinking.

She told me that now that I have 100 subscribers, what am I going to do with my channel?

I told her I wasn't sure and she gave me some ideas.

I thought about different things to do with my channel, like uploading random videos, having variety,

sticking with one or two main things, doing my channel as a hobby, or to just quit.

The last idea has popped into my head a couple of times because I knew this wasn't going to be a career for me

in the near future because it took me five years just to reach 100 subs while

I know 11 year olds getting 40,000 subscribers and only being on YouTube

for three months.

(thevideosdontevenhavegreatquality COUGH)

AHEM

Anyways

Uh, there was always the option of not making videos anymore but I crossed that one off my list.

I also thought about when I will livestream my 100 subs special

and I knew I couldn't let that slide because its such a huge accomplishment to me.

I've always dreamed of the day I'd get 100 subscribers, and it happened!

I can't be- I can't believe, or describe, how much this means to me, its just amazing.

So I know you guys are probably saying

"Just get to the point already! What are you going to do with your channel?"

or you probably skipped some of my video to get to my decision.

Well, I have decided to continue making videos and upload two specific kinds of videos...

It...

Is...

GAMING VIDEOS AND ART VIDEOS AUGHHHH

Okay. Umm

I know I have been saying I would make gaming videos but I downloaded a bunch of different games

and I have finally motivated myself to get out of bed and make videos!

(Cheering but gets cut off)

Welp, I guess thats all I wanted to say.

Thank you guys-

JUST KIDDING!

I actually have one more announcement!

I'm going to be doing my 100 subscriber livestream special tonight!

I still have no clue what games I'm playing but It's gonna be awesome!

I will make a video when its about 2 hours before stream, just so I have time to set everything up

and know what games I'll be playing by then.

It will most likely be during late at night but I'll be playing with some of my friends (hopefully).

Alright this is the real end to this video. See you guys later, bye- (gets cutt off again)

(Epic music playing)

love you guys!

Thanks for 100+ subs!

For more infomation >> Sooo...What now? - Duration: 2:32.

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FREE JORDANS AND YEEZYS, WHAT WOULD YOU DO? - Duration: 7:54.

Check out my new investment that I got a few days ago

I'm back. Let's just get straight into it.

LET'S GO

Michael Jordan sneakers

YEA

If you're asking yourself what this is

This is a Mercedes sign with a basketball.

I used to wear those black 14s during practice, but I had the black and white

TWELVES (12's)

so good so comfortable felt like running on clouds man like it was so light, so

Perfect Grip so smooth man I felt like MJ himself.

Shoutout to Nike for that, awesome shoes.

I remember when I was begging my mom to buy me those shoes and she was like uh

No

So I did what any kid would I went to my uncle?

I was like..

Hey um I gave him the full speech because I knew he had some friends like he knew people all over the city and

I guess he knew somebody at Foot Locker too, so I was like..

This is a higly complexed case

Let me see here

I'm going to be able to jump higher. I'm going to be able to run faster. I mean they damn near run themselves

I'm going to score More point

Victoria is going to notice me. She's going to fall in love with me, her dad works at the bank

So obviously I'm going to get some money out of it.

I was like, the shoes are going to give me the girlfriend

the shoes are going to get her dad to sponsor me for any future equipment

That was my genius plan, I was just 12 or 13

I just loved Jordans, but then the day came..

AIR JORDAN SNEAKERS

We found some people who couldn't wait to get their hands on them today

Two weeks later a woman accidentally became the random victim of a shooting

From inside one of the sneaker stores after there was a big brawl between some customers

because of the Jordans the Sad part

She was just walking her grandson to the school bus. That's it. That's when I said like

Let them have it...I'm not falling for the hype

So I switched to Adidas

Those cool ass driving shoes, so cool, and those were the most comfortable

Adidas did not pay for this, alright, this is not a sponsored video

I'm not getting paid to say any of this, but those were the most comfortable shoes I've ever owned

Till this day. I mean you can play basketball tennis football/soccer um

Go-karting you could...

run, hiking

Mountain climbing like whatever you wanted to do you could do it with them.

You could damn near swim in them, alright

They were so comfortable just so God Damn Comfortable so light on your feet man

The Perfect Shoe, all right. Sadly they're out of production, but if you ever see a pair

Come leave me a comment

tell me where I can find them.

I remember I had like seven or eight like maybe nine pairs of the exact same sneakers and

People used to be like you know like friends and family don't you ever get new shoes

Like "YO, these are fresh out the box. I'm a super fan of those so if you

Work at Adidas or if you know somebody that works there if you know somebody that knows somebody

that knows somebody..

Tell them to get those shoes back in production. All right, please. Thank you

I've never owned nor have I had any desire of owning another pair of Jordans

Just because of the fighting like the shootings and the hype and all that stuff I was like ... maaan

Naah..

People spend a month's worth of food money on a pair of sneakers the family stays hungry

But hey, you got the sneakers, right. People are terrified of using those shoes okay?

They can't walk down the street

Shoes might get dirty.. They see a basketball court. They can't go ahead and play a game of pick-up basketball

Why cuz they're too scared that the material is going to crack?

From something that the shoes were made for..

...Basketball

And people are not using the shoes for what they were made for, so you know it's like

It's like a condom really. It's like if you have a person in front of you and

Something is about to happen, but you know that the person is full of S T D's, right?

but you don't want to use the condom because hey you don't want to dirty up the condom right, so you'd rather have your

PeeePeee burn when you pee

correct?

Did you get it?

I jumped of the train be..

I jumped off the train before it became a hype-train alright

and I Love Jordans, man. I love Jordan shoes. I really do

I used to own a few pairs for productive reasons you know to play basketball

but they became fashion right they became collections and the bigger your collection is the bigger your status is

and you know some people care about that. I have nothing against those people, ay props to you

Personally I really don't care about that stuff like the mask

There's no big story behind it like I don't have like scars or anything that I'm trying to hide

it's just that I'm not really in it for the fame thing and..

Hey, I know you

"I know you..

...I see you on television"

Like I really don't care about this. I really don't I just do it because I like to do it

I just like to give my two cents in and maybe make you think twice about something or maybe give you different

Different approach to some things I don't know much props and much respect to anybody that collects, that's a collector.

I salute you

Congratulations. I guess that's a great hobby

I know it's some type of investment also like you could always resell those items later for maybe even bigger price

Collector's item, I don't know

But personally, it's just not for me

Imagine if you go to the same club every night for a year

It's gonna become like a routine. You're going to see the same people you're going to see the

You're going to DRINK THE SAME MUSIC

WTF?

You're going to drink the same drinks. You're going to hear the same music. You're gonna

It just becomes some type of routine and it's like "Hey, it's just not for me anymore. Let me..

Pull back.. I don't think I will ever own a pair of Jordans again or wear them..

Nah, I'm cool. I've won like two or three pairs of Jordans. I've won a few pairs of YEEZYS too but..

Everything went straight to my cousins..

I was like, "I'm cool, keep them.."

I barely touched the box, like "Hey, thank you for the prize. I won the prize. I just shipped them off to my cousins, like..

Enjoy, please leave a comment below and tell me if you agree with me or if you disagree with me alright

I'd love to hear your opinion if you've enjoyed this video

Leave a like or dislike whichever one you want just pick either one all right

It's going to help me grow the channel a little bit faster. I'd really appreciate it. All right follow me on Instagram

That's why I'm going to be mostly active

Twitter, I'm going to start getting more active on Twitter all right, but either way new video coming very soon and uh

That's it for this time all right

Salud

For more infomation >> FREE JORDANS AND YEEZYS, WHAT WOULD YOU DO? - Duration: 7:54.

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Alan Watts - Be What Is - Duration: 53:42.

I've been very interested in this problem for a long, long time

and I've come to the conclusion that what most civilized people mean by that

word is a hallucination that is to say a false sense of personal identity that is

at complete variance with the facts of nature and as a result of having a false

sense of identity we act in a way that is inappropriate to our natural

environment and when that inappropriate way of action is magnified by a very

powerful technology we swiftly begin to see the results of a profound discord

between man and nature as is well known we are now in the

process of destroying our environment as an result of an attempt to conquer it

and master it

and we have not realized therefore that our environment is not something other

than ourselves in assuming that it is we have made a great mistake and are now

paying the price for it

but most people would agree with the lines of the poet who said I a stranger

and afraid in a world I never made

because we have the strong sensation that our own being inside our skin is

extremely different from the world outside our skin that while there may be

intelligence inside human skins and while there may be values and loving

feelings outside the skin is a world of mechanical process which does not give a

damn about any individual and which is basically unintelligent being gyrations

of blind force and so far as the merely biological world is concerned gyrations

of libido which is Freud's word for blind lust

it should be obvious that the human being goes with the rest of the universe

even though we say in popular speech I came into this world now it is not true

that you came into this world you came out of it in the same way as a flower

comes out of a plant or a fruit comes out of a tree and as an apple tree

apples the solar system in which we live and therefore the galaxy in which we

live and therefore the system of galaxies in which we live that system

peoples and therefore people are an expression of its energy and of its

nature if people are intelligent and I suppose we have to grant that if then

the energy which people express must also be intelligent because one does not

gather figs from thistles and grapes from thorns but it does not occur you

see to the ordinary civilized person to regard himself or herself as an

expression of the whole universe it should be obvious that we cannot exist

except in an environment of Earth water and solar temperature that all

these things go with us and are as important to us albeit outside our skins

as our internal organs heart stomach and brain and so forth now if then we cannot

describe the behavior of organisms without at the same time describing the

behavior of their environments we should realize that we have a new entity of

description not the individual organism alone but what would now be called

a field of behavior which we must call rather clumsily the organism environment

you go with your environment in the same way as your head goes with the rest of

your body you do not find in nature faces arriving in the world

Sooey generous they go with the body but also bodies do not arrive in a world

which would be for example a plain ball of scrubbed rock floating without an

atmosphere far away from a star that will not grow bodies there is no

soil for bodies there is no complexity of environment which is body producing

so bodies go with a very complicated natural environment and if the head goes

with the body and the body goes with the environment the body is as much an

integral part of the environment as the head is part of the body it is deceptive

of course because the human being is not rooted to the ground like a tree the

human being moves about and therefore can shift from one environment to

another but these shifts are superficial the basic environment of the planet

remains a constant and if the human being leaves the planet he has to take

with him an a a canned version of the planetary environment

now we are not really aware of this upon taking thought and due consideration it

does occur to us yes indeed we do need that environment but in the ordinary way

we don't feel it that is to say we don't have a vivid sensation of belonging to

our environment in the same way that we have a vivid sation of a sensation of

being an ego inside a bag of skin located mostly in the skull about

halfway between the ears and a little way behind the eyes and it issues in

these disastrous results of the ego which according to

nineteenth-century common sense feels that it is a fluke in nature and that if

it does not fight nature it will not be able to maintain its status as

intelligent fluke

so the geneticists are now saying and many others are now saying that man must

take the course of his evolution into his own hands

he can no longer trust the wiggly random and unintelligible processes of nature

to develop him any further but he must interfere with his own intelligence and

through genetic alterations breed the kind of people who will be viable for

human society and that sort of thing now this I submit is a ghastly error because

human intelligence has a very serious limitation

that limitation is that it is a scanning system of conscious attention

which is linear that is to say it examines the world in lines rather as he

would pass the beam of a flashlight across a room or a spotlight

that's why our education takes so long it takes so long because we have to scan

miles of lines of print and we regard that you see as basic information now

the universe does not come at us in lines it comes at us in a

multi-dimensional continuum in which everything is happening all together

everywhere at once and it comes out as much too quickly to be translated into

lines of print or of other information however fast they may be scanned and

that is our limitation so far as the intellectual life and the scientific

life is concerned the computer will greatly speed up

linear scanning but it's still linear scanning and so long as we are stuck

with that form of wisdom we cannot deal with more than a few variables at once

now what do I mean by that what is a variable a variable is any one linear

process let's take music when you play a Bach fugue and there are four parts to

it you have four variables you have four moving lines and you can take care of

that with two hands an organist using two feet can put in two more variables

and have six going and you may realize if you've ever tried to play the organ

that it's quite difficult to make six independent motions go at once the

average person cannot do that without training the average person cannot deal

with more than three variables at once without using a pencil now when we study

physics we are dealing with processes in which there are millions of variables

this however we handle by statistics in the same way as insurance companies use

actuarial tables to predict when most people will die if the average age of

death is 65 however this prediction does not apply to any given individual any

given individual will live to plus or minus 65 years and the range of

difference may be very wide indeed of course but this is alright

the 65 guess is all right when you're doing large-scale gambling

and that's the way the physicists works in predicting the behavior of nuclear

wavicles but the practical problems of human life

deal with variables in the hundreds of thousands here statistical methods are

very poor and thinking it out by linear consideration is impossible with that

equipment then we are proposing to interfere with our genes and with that

equipment also be it said we are trying to solve our political economic and

social problems and naturally everybody has the sense of total frustration and

the individual fears what what on earth can I do we do not seem to know a way of

calling upon our brains because our brains can handle an enormous number of

variables that are not accessible to the process of conscious attention your

brain is now handling your your total nervous system to be more accurate your

blood chemistry the secretions from your glands the behavior of millions of cells

it is doing all that without thinking about that is to say without translating

the processes it is handling if you consciously reviewed words

symbols or numbers now when I use the word thinking I mean precisely that

process translating what is going on in nature into words symbols or numbers

cause both words and numbers are kinds of symbols symbols they are the same

relation to the real world that money bears to wealth

you cannot quench anybody's thirst with the word water just as you cannot eat a

dollar bill and derive nutrition from

but using symbols and using conscious intelligence scanning has proved very

useful to us it has given us such technology as we have but at the same

time it has proved too much of a good thing at the same time we've become so

fascinated with it that we confuse the world as it is with the world as it is

thought about talked about and figured about that is to say with the world as

it is described and the difference between these two is vast

and when we are not aware of ourselves except in a symbolic way we are not

related to ourselves at all we are like people eating menus instead of dinners

and that's why we all feel psychologically frustrated so then we

get back to the question of what do we mean by AI well first of all obviously

we mean our symbol of ourselves now ourselves in this case is the whole

psycho physical organism conscious and unconscious plus its environment that's

your real self your real self in other words is the universe as centered on

your organism that's you you say let me just clarify that a little for one

reason what you do is also a doing of your environment your behavior is its

behavior as much as its behavior is your behavior it's mutual we could say it is

transactional you are not a puppet which your environment pushes around nor is

the environment a puppet which you push around they go together they act

together in the same way for example if I have a wheel one side of it going down

is the same as the other side of it going up when you handle the steering

wheel of a car are you pulling it or are you pushing it

no you're doing both aren't you when you pull it down this side you are pushing

it up that side it's all one so there's a push-pull between organism and

environment we are only rarely aware of this as when in curious alterations of

consciousness which we call mystical experience cosmic consciousness an

individual gets the feeling that everything that is happening is his own

doing or the opposite of that feeling that he isn't doing anything but that

all his doings his decisions and so forth are happenings of nature you can

feel it either way you can describe it in these two completely opposite ways

but you're talking about the same experience you're talking about

experiencing your own activity and the activity of nature as one single process

and you can describe it as if you were omnipotent like God or as if it were

completely deterministic and you hardly existed at all but remember both points

of view are right and we'll see where that gets us but we don't feel that do

we ordinarily what we feel instead is an identification of ourselves

with our idea of ourselves or I would rather say with our image of ourselves

and that's the person or the ego you play a role you identify with that

role I play a role it's called Alan Watts and I know very

well that that's a big act I can play some other roles besides Alan Watts if

necessary but I find that this one is better for making a living

but I assure you it's a mosque and I don't take it seriously

the idea of my being a kind of Messiah or guru or savior of the world just

breaks me up as I know me so I know it's very difficult to be holy in the

ordinary sense so I know I'm not that but most of us are taught to think that

we are whom we are called and when you're a little child and you begin to

learn a role and your parents and your peers approve of your being that they

know who you are you're predictable so you can be controlled but when you act

out of role and you imitate some other child's behavior everybody points the

finger and says you're not being true to yourself Johnny that's not you that's

Peter

and so you learn to stay Peter or to stay Johnny but of course you are not

either because this is just the image of you it's as much of you as you can get

into your conscious attention which is precious little your image of yourself

contains no information about how you structure your nervous system it

contains no information about your blood chemistry it contains almost no

information about the subtle influences of society upon your behavior it does

not include the basic assumptions of your culture which are all taken for

granted and unconscious and you can't find them out unless you study other

cultures to see how their basic assumptions differ it includes all kinds

of illusions that you're completely unaware of as for example the time is

real and that there is such a thing as a past which is pure hokum

but never nevertheless all these things that our unconscious in us and they are

not included in our image of ourselves nor of course included in our image of

ourselves is there any information about our inseparable relationships with the

whole natural universe so this is a very impoverished image when you ask a person

what did you do yesterday they'll give you a historical account of a certain

number of events in which they participated in a certain number of

things which they saw used or were clobbered by but realize at once that

this history leaves out most of what happened I in trying to describe what

happens to me this evening we'll never be able to describe because there are so

many people here that if I were to talk about everyone whom I've seen what they

were wearing what color their hair was what sort of expressions they had on

their faces I would have to talk to doomsday so instead of this rich

physical experience which is very rich indeed I have to attenuate it in memory

and description saying oh I met a lot of people in Philadelphia and there were

men and there were women and lots of them were young and some of them were

old you know most utterly impoverished account of what went on

so therefore in thinking of ourselves in this way

what I did yesterday what I did the day before in terms of this stringy mangy

account all I have is a caricature of myself and you know the caricaturist

doesn't draw you all in he just put certain salient features whereby people

will recognize him it's not a skeleton so we can consume we are as it were

conceiving ourselves as a bunch of skeletons and they got no flesh on just

a bunch of bones and no wonder we all feel inadequate we're all looking for

something to the future to bring us a goodie we know we ought to have there's

a golden goodie at the end of the line somewhere there's a good time coming be

it ever so way far away that one far-off divine event which all creation moves we

hope and therefore we say of something that's no good

it has no future I would say it has no present but everybody says it has no

future

here we are as it were psychically starved and always therefore looking for

looking seeking seeking see and this confused seeking is going on

everywhere we don't know what we want nobody knows what they want we say yes

we did we think of what we want in vague terms pleasure money wealth love

fulfillment personal development but we don't know what we mean by all that if a

person really sits down to figure out write a long essay 20 pages on your idea

of heaven it'll be a sorry production you could see it already in medieval art

whether it did fictions of Heaven and Hell hell is always much better than

heaven although it's uncomfortable it's a sadomasochistic orgy wowie

you know hell is really rip-roaring we're asked all the saints in heaven the

sitting

you know very very smug and demure like they were in church and you see also the

multitudes of the saved instead of this writhing wormy thing you can see all

their heads which the artist is drawn to abbreviate them just the tops of their

heads in masses they look like cobblestone street flattened out so what

has happened then is this that our eye is an illusion it's an image and it is

no more ourself than an idol is the Godhead but we say it can't be so

because I feel I really exist it isn't just an idea in my head it's a feeling I

feel me well what is it that you feel when you feel I well what is it that you

feel when you feel ah I'll tell you what do you do when somebody says pay

attention what is the difference between looking at something and taking a hard

look at it or between hearing something and listening intently what's the

difference what's the difference between waiting while something goes on and

enduring it why the difference is this that when you pay attention instead of

just looking you screw up your face you frown and

stare that is a muscular activity around here when you will you grit your teeth

or clench your fists when you endure or control yourself you pull yourself

together physical and therefore you get up tight you hold your breath you do all

kinds of muscular things to control the functioning of your nervous system and

none of them have the slightest effect on the proper operation of the nervous

system if you stare at things you will rather fuzz the image than see them

clearly if you listen intently by concentrating on muscles around the ears

you will be so much attending to muscles here that you won't hear things properly

and you may get singing in the ears if you tighten up with your body to pull

yourself together all you do is constrict yourself I remember in school

I sat next to a boy who had great difficulty in learning to read and what

they always say the children is try if you can't do something you must try so

the boy tries and what has he done when he's trying to get out words he grunts

and groans as if he were lifting weights and the teachers impressed the boy is

really trying gives him be for effort Oh

there's nothing to do with it now we all make this muscular straining with the

thought that it's achieving psychological results the sort of

psychological results it's intended to achieve now all this amounts to is it's

like you're taking off in a jet plane you've got a mile down the runway and

the thing isn't up in the air yet you get nervous so you start pulling at your

seatbelt that's what it is now that is a chronic feeling we have it

in us all the time and it corresponds to the word eye that's what you feel when

you say I you feel that chronic tension because when an organ is working

properly you don't feel it if you see your eye

you've got cataract

if you hear your ears you got singing in your ears you know getting in the way of

hearing when you are fully functioning you are unaware of the organ when you're

thinking clearly your brain isn't getting in your way actually of course

you are seeing your eyes in the sense that everything you see out in front of

you is a condition in the optic nerves at the back of the skull that's where

you're aware of all this but you're not aware of the eye as the

eye I'm talking about the optical eye so when we are aware of the ego eye we are

aware of this chronic tension inside ourselves and that's not us

it's a futile tension so when we get the illusion the image of ourselves married

to a futile tension you've got an illusion married to a futility and then

you wonder why I can't do anything why I feel in the face of all the problems of

the world impotent and why I somehow cannot manage to transform I

now here we get to the real problem because we're always telling each other

that we should be different I'm not gonna tell you that tonight why not

because I know you can't be nor can I that may sound depressing but I'll show

you it isn't it's very heartening but everybody you see who is at all

sensitive and awake to their own problems and human problems is trying to

change himself we know we can't change the world unless we change ourselves if

we are all individually selfish we're going to be collectively selfish if we

don't really love people and only pretend to somehow we've got to find a

way to love after all it said in the Bible thou shalt love the Lord thy God

and your neighbor as yourself you must love yeah we all agree sure but

we don't

in fact one psychologist very smartly asked a patient with whom are you in

love against

and this is particularly becomes appalling when we enter into the realm

of higher things by which I mean spiritual development everybody these

days is interested in spiritual development and wisely because we want

to change our consciousness many people are well aware that this egocentric

consciousness is a hallucination and that they presume it's the function of

religion to change it because that's what the Zen Buddhists and Yogi's and

all these people in the Orient are doing they are changing their state of

consciousness to get something called Satori or mystical experience or Nirvana

or moksha or what have you and everybody around here is really enthused about

that because you don't get that in church I mean there have been Christian

mystics but the church has been very quiet about them than the average Church

all you get is talk there's no meditation no spiritual

discipline they tell god what to do interminably as if he didn't know and

then they tell the people what to do as if they could or even wanted to and then

they sing religious Nursery Rhymes

and then that to cap it all the Roman Catholic Church which did at least have

an unintelligible service which was

which was you know who's real mysterious and suggested vast magic going on they

went and put the thing into bad English and they took away incense and they took

away they became a bunch of Protestants and the thing was just terrible so now

all these Catholics are at loose ends as Clare Boothe Luce put it out to be upon

but she said you know it's there longer possible to practice contemplative

prayer at mass as you're being advised exhorted edified all the time it becomes

a ball think of God listening to all those prayers I mean do have I mean

talking about grieving the Holy Spirit it's just awful people have no

consideration for God at all so but in in pursuing these spiritual disciplines

yoga and Zen and so forth and the other also psychotherapy there comes up a big

difficulty and the big difficulty is this I want to

find a method whereby I can change my consciousness but the therefore to

improve myself but then the self that needs to be improved is the one that is

doing the improving and so I'm rather stuck I find out the reason that I think

I believe say in God is that I sure hope that somehow God will rescue me in other

words I want to hang on to my own existence and I feel rather shaky about

doing that for myself but I just hope there's a God who will take care of it

or if I could be loving I would have a better opinion of myself

I'd feel better about it I could face myself as people say

if I were more loving so the unloving me somehow by some gimmickry has to turn

itself into a loving me and this is just I tried to lift yourself off the ground

with your own bootstraps it can't be done and that's why religion in practice

mainly produces hypocrisy and guilt because of the constant failure of these

enterprises people go and study Zen and they come back and say wow getting rid

of your ego is a superhuman task I assure you it's going to be very very

difficult to get rid of your ego you're gonna have to sit for a long time and

you're gonna get the sorest legs it's hard work and all you wretched kids who

think you're getting rid of your ego on part or something or other easy yoga you

don't know what you're in for when it really comes down to the nitty-gritty

but you know the biggest ego trip going is getting rid of your ego

and the joke of it all is Yuriko doesn't exist there's nothing to get rid of it's

an illusion as I tried to explain but you still want

to ask how to stop the illusion no who's asking me do you think in the ordinary

sense in which you use the word I how can I stop identify myself with the

wrong me well the answer is simply you can't

now the Christians put this in their way when they say that mystical experience

is a gift of divine grace man as such cannot achieve this experience it is a

gift of God and if God doesn't give it to you there's no way of getting it now

that is solidly true you can't do anything about it because you don't

exist

well you say that's pretty depressing news but the whole point is it isn't

depressing news it is the joyous news there's a Zen poem which puts it like

this talking about it me it means the mystical experience Satori the

realization that you are the eternal energy of the universe like Jesus did it

says like this you cannot catch hold of it nor can you get rid of it in not

being able to get it you get it when you speak it's silent when you are silent it

speaks now in not being able to get it to get it because this whole feeling

what Krishnamurti is trying to explain to people for example when he says why

do you ask for a method there is no method all methods are simply gimmicks

for strengthening your ego so how do we not do that he says you're still asking

for a method there is no method if you really understand what your eye is you

will see there is no method

this is so so sad but it's not this is the gospel the good news because if you

cannot achieve it if you cannot transform yourself that means that the

main obstacle to mystical vision has collapsed that was you

what happens you can't do anything about

due to wit's end

but even who commits suicide but supposing you just put that off for a

little while wait and see what happens

you can't control your thoughts you can't control your feelings because

there is no controller you are your thoughts and your feelings and they are

running along running along running along just sit and watch them there they

go you're still breathing aren't you still growing your hair still seeing and

hearing are you doing that I mean is breathing something that you do do you

see I mean do you organize the operations of your eyes now exactly how

to work those rods and cones in the retina do you do that

it's a happening it happens so you can feel all this happening your breathing

is happening your thinking is happening you're feeling is happening you're

hearing you're seeing the clouds are happening across the sky the sky is

happening blue the Sun is happening shining there it is all this happening

and may I introduce you this is yourself

this begins to be a vision of who you really are

and that's the way you function you function by happening that is to say by

spontaneous occurrence and this is not a state of affairs that you should realize

I cannot possibly preach it to you because the minute you start thinking I

should understand that this is the stupid notion again of I should bring it

about when there is no you to bring it about see that's why I'm not preaching

you can only preach to egos all I can do is to talk about what is it amuses me to

talk about what is because it's wonderful I love it and therefore I like

to talk if I get paid for it then I make my living and sensible people get paid

for doing what they enjoy doing so this is not on earth you see this is the

whole approach is not to convert you now to make you over not to improve you but

for you to discover that if you really knew the way you are things would be

would be sane

but you see you can't do that you can't make that discovery because you're in

your own way so long as you think I'm I

so long as that hallucination blocks it and the hallucination disappears only in

the realization of its own futility when at last you see you can't do it you

cannot make yourself / you cannot really control your own mind

see when we try to control the mind a lot of yoga teachers try to get you to

control your own mind mainly to prove to you that you can't do it there's nothing

you know a fool who persists in his folly will become wise so they what they

do is they speed up the folly

and so you get concentrating

and you can have a certain amount of superficial and initial success by a

process commonly called self-hypnosis and you can think you're making progress

and a good teacher will let you go along that way for a while until he really

throws in with one why are you concentrated see Buddhism

works this way Buddha said if you suffer you suffer because you desire and your

desires are either unattainable or always being disappointed or something

so cut out desire so those disciples went away and they stamped on desire

jumped on desire cut the throat of desire and throughout desire but then

they came back and Buddha said but you are still desiring not to desire they

wanted how to get rid of that so when you see that that's nonsense there

naturally comes over you a quietness in seeing that you cannot control your mind

you realize there is no controller what you took to be the thinker of thoughts

is just one of the thoughts what you took to be the feeler of the feelings

which was that chronic muscular strain was just one of the feelings what you

took to be the experience of experience is just two part of the experience so

there isn't any thinker of thoughts feel of feelings we get into that bind

because we have a grammatical rule that verbs have to have subjects and the

funny thing about that is that verbs of processes and subjects and nouns which

is supposed to be things how does a noun start a verb how does the thing put a

process into action obviously it can't but we always insist that there is this

subject called the knower and without a no other can't be knowing well that's

just a grammatical rule it isn't a rule of nature in nature there's just knowing

like you're feeling it and now to say you are feeling it as if you were

somehow different from the feeling when I say I am feeling out what I mean is

there is feeling here when I say you are feeling I mean there is feeling there I

have to say even there is feeling what a cumbersome language we have Chinese is

easier you don't have to put all that in but you can say things twice as fast in

Chinese as you can in any other language well anyway when you come to see that

you can do nothing that the play of thought of feeling etc just goes on by

itself as a happening then you are in a state which we will call meditation and

slowly without being pushed your thoughts will come to silence that is to

say all the verbal symbolic chatter going on in the skull don't try and get

rid of it because that will again produce the illusion that there's a

controller just it goes on it goes on it goes on finally it gets tired of itself

and bored and stops and so then there's a silence and this is a deeper level of

meditation and in that silence you suddenly begin to see the world as it is

and you don't see any past you don't see any future you don't see any difference

between yourself and the rest of it that's just an idea you can't put your

hand on the difference between myself and you you know you can't blow it you

can't bounce it you can't pull it it's just an idea you can't find any material

body because material body is an idea so is spiritual body this is somebody's

philosophical notions see reality isn't material that's an idea

reality isn't spiritual that's an idea reality is

so we find if I've got to put it back into words that we live in an eternal

now

you've got all the time in the world because you've got all the time there is

which is now

and you are the suniverse

and you feel the strange feeling when ideas don't define the differences you

feel that other people's doings are your doings and that makes it very difficult

to blame other people if you're not sophisticated

theologically you may of course run screaming in the streets and say the

true God in a way that's what happened to Jesus because he wasn't sophisticated

theologically he only had Old Testament biblical theology behind him if he'd had

Hindu sila theology he could have put it more subtly but it was only that rather

primitive theology of the Old Testament and that was the conception of God as a

monarchical boss and you can't go around and say I'm the boss's son

if you're going to say I'm God you must allow it for everyone else too

but this was a heretical idea from the point of view of Hebrew theology so what

they did with Jesus was they pedestal eyes him that means kicked him upstairs

so that he wouldn't be able to influence anyone else and only you may be God and

that stopped the gospel cold right at the beginning it couldn't spread well

anyway

this is therefore to say

that the transformation of human consciousness through meditation

is frustrated so long as we think of it in terms of

something that I myself can bring about by some kind of wangle by some sort of

gimmick because you see that leads to endless games of spiritual one-upmanship

and of guru competitions of my guru is more effective than your guru my yoga's

are faster than your yoga I'm more aware of myself than you are

I'm humbler than you are I'm sorrier for my sins than you are I love you more

than you love me it is interminable goings-on about which

people fight and wonder whether they are a little bit more evolved than somebody

else and so on all that can just fall away and then

we get this strange feeling that we have never had in our lives except

occasionally by accident some people get a glimpse that we are no longer this

poor little stranger and afraid in a world of never married but that you

ah this universe and you are creating at every month because you see it starts

now it didn't begin in the past that was no past so if the universe began in the

past when that happened it was now see well it's still now and the universe is

still beginning now and it's trailing off like the wake of a ship from now in

the wake of the ship fades out so does the past you can look back there to

explain things but the explanation disappears you never find it there

things are not explained by the past they're explained by what happens now

that creates the past and it begins here

that's the birth of responsibility because otherwise you can always look

over your shoulder and say well I'm the way I am because my mother dropped me

and she dropped me because she was neurotic because her mother dropped her

where we go back to Adam and Eve are the two disappearing monkey or something we

never get at it but in this way your your face which you're doing all this

that's an extraordinary shock

so

cheer up you can't blame anyone else for the kind of world you're in and if you

know you see that I in the sense of the person the front the ego really doesn't

exist then it won't go to your head too badly if you wake up and discover that

you're God

For more infomation >> Alan Watts - Be What Is - Duration: 53:42.

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I WON IN 34 SECONDS!! WHAT! | Clash Royale #20 - Duration: 2:25.

ignore every clip I've ever said all my quickest match ever

this was actually the quickest match I've ever had in my life like certainly

not I look at it he could have played anything any thing you could have played

the with all the ways one skeleton army now load us up that but he does let mine

go nuts I'm gonna go for my problem Bella

between power I'm for my minions normally I'd have gone for the right

power by say okay let's go balls deep maybe he left or disconnected that I

thought he given me a thumbs up and I'm like you know what good game thank you

for giving me this much I don't know what happened on your end

bug blood a few moments later mmm-hmm Oh almost forgot

um crop they open it and we have them almost monkey well probably time

For more infomation >> I WON IN 34 SECONDS!! WHAT! | Clash Royale #20 - Duration: 2:25.

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Investigative Reporter Amanda Smith learns what it takes to get a motorcycle license pt. 2 - Duration: 2:29.

For more infomation >> Investigative Reporter Amanda Smith learns what it takes to get a motorcycle license pt. 2 - Duration: 2:29.

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The Corrs What Can I Do Karaoke - Duration: 4:08.

For more infomation >> The Corrs What Can I Do Karaoke - Duration: 4:08.

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【TALK】WHAT ARE MY OLD PHONES 我的復古手機 - Duration: 6:02.

For more infomation >> 【TALK】WHAT ARE MY OLD PHONES 我的復古手機 - Duration: 6:02.

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What Is the Debt Ceiling? |Ron's Office Hours | NPR - Duration: 3:22.

Hi, I'm Ron Elving.

Welcome to my office hours.

We're talking about the debt ceiling again.

It keeps on coming back like a bad penny.

It's the limit on how much Congress can borrow to run the federal government.

It's not in the Constitution, it's not in the Bible, so where did it come from?

Now, the ceiling as we know it was first imposed just a century ago, 1917

the beginning of World War I.

It was meant to calm the fears of people who either opposed the war or opposed paying for

it with a lot of borrowing.

So they put the limit at about a billion dollars and that was sufficient for the moment.

Got things rolling.

In 1939 on the eve of World War II, it was revised

and we've been using that particular revision ever since.

Congress is empowered to raise the limit whenever it's reached, and they've done that dozens

of times, scores of times in fact.

So the federal debt, the accumulation of all the annual deficits of the federal government

grew until it reached a trillion dollars around 1980, and became a very big campaign issue

for Ronald Reagan, who got elected that year.

Today, the debt is $934 billion, and now I've been forced to ask for another increase in

the debt ceiling or the government will be unable to function past the middle of February,

and I've only been here 16 days.

But spending did not go down, so the deficits continued, the debts got bigger and the federal

debt reached $3 trillion by the end of that decade.

Now, it's perfectly legal for the government to borrow that much money, but it can only

do so as long as it does not exceed the limit on debt.

The limit on borrowing, how much the government can actually be in hock to other people.

And if it does hit that limit, the Treasury runs out of money to meet the payroll and

to pay for government purchases, and to send out

all those checks to Social Security, Medicare recipients and so on.

So it's very important that new borrowing authority be granted so that the cash flow

of the federal government can continue.

If it doesn't, the government shuts down.

At least partially.

The way we saw it do in the budget disputes of 2011, 2013,

and for longer periods back in 1995, 1996.

So the debt ceiling can cause problems, so why don't we just get rid of it?

Well if it's unpopular to vote to raise it, it's really unpopular

to vote to eliminate it entirely.

Voters might just notice and they might just take that as fiscal irresponsibility.

Even though they don't like the government shutdown, they also don't like the idea of

a government with no limits on its borrowing.

We should also say that there are plenty of legislators who like the debt ceiling, both

as a restraint on the growth of federal spending and as a chance to put controversial riders

on something that people, in the end, have to vote for.

That's what brought the government to the brink of shutdown

several times in recent history.

So we have Congress once again choosing between the threat of a government shutdown, not popular,

and raising the debt limit, not a popular vote, especially in many parts of the country.

That's a bad choice and they're going to struggle before they get it done.

But they have to get it done sometime later this summer or early in the fall.

And I'm Ron Elving, thanks for coming to my office hours.

For more infomation >> What Is the Debt Ceiling? |Ron's Office Hours | NPR - Duration: 3:22.

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THE IDOLM@STER.KR Ep. 12 Clip - "Our performance was better than ever. So what's the problem?" - Duration: 1:56.

Mr. Kang!

What was wrong?

Our performance was perfect.

So why?

Perfect? What's the standard of perfection?

You sang well, and the choreography was good, too.

The lyrics weren't bad for an amateur.

Then why?

I guess you guys didn't appeal to the people.

Your performance wasn't terrible.

But someone did better than you.

If you had to sing this song again on stage,

which one would you choose?

Tell me.

That's your answer.

And that's what the public decided.

You're saying all my decisions have been wrong?

I took a step back. I asked for help.

So what did I do wrong?

You still don't know?

Then why...

Then why are you doing this?

Why are you part of a team?

What?

The same goes for all of you.

Apart from winning, think about why

you're in this competition.

And what you're getting from it.

For more infomation >> THE IDOLM@STER.KR Ep. 12 Clip - "Our performance was better than ever. So what's the problem?" - Duration: 1:56.

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nope.avi but reversed (what) - Duration: 0:10.

What

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What will Pippa Middleton wear? Four Irish experts predict the 'wedding dress of the year' - Duration: 2:29.

as the big day of the little Middleton nears, dedicated followers of fashion are wondering

what designer, and what style of wedding dress will the bride appear in on the aisle.

Will she go British with a Giles Deacon or Alice Temperley?

Or will she choose something to highlight her famous derri�re?

Will she avoid all comparisons to her sister by going ABL (anything but lace)?

After her headline-grabbing bridesmaid dress caused a seismic shift in the wedding fashion

scene in 2011, whatever high profile bride Pippa Middleton chooses to wear for her own

big day will no doubt be the talk of the town this weekend, and possibly once again influence

bridal style for the foreseeable future.

Although Pippa isn't known for her fashionista tendencies, the columnist and author dons

a mean occasion outfit when elegant, on-trend formal wear is called for, and her choice

of wedding dress could truly cement the socialite in the fashion stakes.

So with a style status on the line, we asked the people who's job it is to find brides

their ultimate wedding dress to share what they believe the youngest Middleton sister

might don for the day, and what she probably should have worn instead.

The Designer: Aleana O'Shea, owner and designer at Covet Occasion & Bridal Boutique, Powerscourt

Centre, covet.ie Prediction: A minimal and elegant form-fitting

mermaid-style gown by Giles Deacon.

Aleana O'Shea, the Clontarf woman behind designer rental boutique Covet in the Powerscourt Centre,

Dublin, thinks the highly-tipped Giles Deacon will be the designer behind one of this year's

most anticipated wedding dresses.

"Pippa's style is always quite classic," says Aleana, "[Giles Deacon] likes clean lines

mixed with fabric embellishments.

I think he will keep it classic, timeless and elegant."

Aleana says she imagines Pippa going for a mermaid style gown with buttons to the back

to show off the her famous shape and "a high front to balance that low back with beautiful

attention to detail in the fabric".

As for the fabric, Aleana predicts a clean silk crepe "with some clever panelling."

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