What's up everybody, welcome to this channel
that is all about exploring the music from Bach to Beethoven
and beyond, and sharing that with you
through performances and research, hopefully to inspire you on your journey
as a musician or as a listener
and today, this is a video I have been waiting for ages
to launch and to upload and to give it to you
because it is a very exciting subject
Anja and I went to Record Industry
where they make vinyl records
for a very long time, since, may be even
1950, in any case way back
They are probably the biggest pressing plant in the world
producing over a 50.000 vinyl discs
a day and the production is only increasing
So why did we go there?
You might remember that
I recorded all the Bach Partitas here on my clavichord
for YouTube, but I rerecorded them
on analog taperecorder
on our big Studer taperecorder to launch them as
a vinyl box, something perhaps, like this
So, we are working on that and of course, one of
the things that need to be done is to visit
a pressing plant where the vinyl discs are being produced
and of that visit, we made
a compilation. So in two words,
why producing, in this digital age, an analog recording?
Why record it on tape? Why release in on vinyl?
Well, there is a sound quality aspect to that
not going into this deep now
I will cover that in future videos, because I think it is important
What this Studer Taperecorder does with the sound
you can not imagine, it is like going back
to a world full of very relaxed
blending together sound
with an open stereo image that even
the high quality digital gear that we have here are not capable
of giving. Just not. And the vinyl discs
that, of course, is coming very close to that
analog sound 'feel', but more than that
I love the slowing down feature of it
You put a record on a turntable, you sit down
you light a candle, you drink a glass of wine
or beer, or whatever you like and you are
captured, you are the prisoner of that recording
it just runs, and it is very nice
not only to listen to, but to look as well
because it's turning
And in one way or another, I believe in this slowing down
feature, combined with the analog
audio quality aspect
because I can guarantee you, once you returned
or once you discover, depending on your age
the vinyl disc, the analog recording, it will be hard
to return to digital media
I am a 100 percent pro digital
But there are moments in live where
you just need something else, and that is the analog
recording, that is the vinyl production
that'll come in a very beautiful box
with a book, with four discs and
everything, also the CDs of course
that is for the coming months to be launched
but now I'm giving you that compilation of the
visit that we paid to Record Industry
in Haarlem, in The Netherlands
I will be talking in Dutch with the person who
is guiding us (Rinus Hoonigh), the master sound engineer
for Record Industry
We'll subtitle it from time to time (it's all been subtitled :-)
when I think it's important or just intersting for you to understand
so click on the closed captions
on your desktop or in the right hand upper corner
of your mobile device
to enable closed captions in English
and you see from time to time some translation (= always...)
Hope you enjoy this, leave me in the comment boxes
what you think about this project, what you would suggest
and what your
experience is with analog recording
with vinyl recordings, and how you see the future of that
would be great to read that
If this is the first time here, and than I'll leave you with the people in Haarlem
and with myself, on the video obviously
would love to have you subscribed
and join the Authentic Sound Community
because also sound, is something, recorded sound
we can explore here
and it is so
interesting to explore the world of recorded sound
as well. So, great to have you here
and up to Haarlem and see you later again!
Now we're going to the cutting rooms
Now, if I do the premastering for customers
when the premastering is ready
then the file is being cut here
and a in case of a digital file, the music runs
through the amps to the cutter
you are familier with a cutter? yes?
Well then you know how it works.
Two signals go to the cutter, one direct, one with a delay
and that delay is one period
If you're cutting pop music and this kind of drum sound
if you would not have this drum, the cutter does not have to move, but if suddenly there would be a loud drum sound
that'll create a high amplitude, which he needs to know one period in advance
It's being programmed in advance
So that the cutter can make space to allow that sound on the disc
And that is repeated all the time
For that it is called a one-to-one registration
So if you have a dynamic program
this still could allow you to have 32 minutes on one side
but on the very silent passages, the cutter can place the groves very close to each other
and for the expansions, he'll give room
And that is also the dynamic you see visually on the disc
We're now in one of the two rooms where we cut the lackers. Here we'll find the cupper plates, DMM.
When the Cd came in 1981
I'll have to make sure to be on par with the digital age
The higher frequencies on CD's
So, Neumann rebuilt a lacker table to a DMM table
so with other amps and different cutters
hence the name: Direct metal Mastering
This is a plate with a layer of cupper
And like you cut in lacker, you can cut in cupper with a diamond
Advantage is you'll have less inner grove distortion
You'll have more distortion at the inner side than on the outer side
It means that the more you go to the middle, the more kind of compression you'll have
you get a kind of natural compression
you'll notice as well a reduction of higher frequencies on the lacker
A lacker of course is soft material
it is a kind of plastic, so if you cut in that material
it rebounces a little bit
And just those very fine elements, like high sounds, there you'll notice a slight reduction
Well, the advantage of this is, that when you'll cut it with a diamond, it will not rebounce!
So your high frequency response is better
It'll be interesting to test your recordings with this
to see what suits your clavichord sound best, cupper or lacker
And of course there is a number, because you'll not be able to tell, other than the number of tracks, what music it contains
Here is a bit of distortion, here is some low, but if it is Michael Jackson is, I cannot see
So this is the disc that is being preserved?
yes
Another advantage of the cupper is that you are able to immediately make a mold
So you'll produce a negative that you can press from
On a lacker
That needs a galvanic bath
so to give the plastic electrical guidance
so the plastic is being covered with a layer of nickel
so it will have to go in a bath to cover it with silver
But the first one is not usable
so you'll have to take three steps
which gives a tiny bit of loss to the original
So here you'll have a laquer that has been in a bath that'll give this a tiny tiny layer of silver
now, silver conducts electricity
so this can go into a bath that'll give it a layer of nickel
that'll give you a positive and a negative
and with the negative you could start the pressing
but you can only do it once
a cupper disc is reusable
but from this laquer is only to be used once
so if you do that, you would have to cut a new laquer
for that reason, from the first copy is a new copy produced
the first goes into the archive
and from the second copy there will be produced metal molds. That is stronger and can be used up to 20 times
After that, the copy serves to make new ones
the first baths where the lacker receives its layer of silver
Let me open it for you
Here are the nickel particles
and the nickel will dissolve in small molecular particles
and because there is electricity run through it, those molecular particles will adhere on the silver coating
and after 40 minutes, we'll have 180 gram of nickel on the disc, which is enough
then we turn the machine off and we're going to separate the two discs
so we'll have the original lacquer with silver and the first 'father'
and the 'father' will be copied into the first 'mother'
that'll go to the presses
So the DMM procedure is a huge time saver, right?
yes, but it has to serve its purpose, it must be the right choice
For pop music it works nice, other music as well
but not all people like the sound of DMM since it has a kind of 'metalic' sound
There is only one way to find out, and that is trying both procedures
we have to innovate all the time. These are the last 'old' machines
almost all have been replaces by new ones, here is the latest we added
We have to, since we get more and more orders
If possible we built the machines ourselves. We still have some people who worked at Sony, CBS even
So this hall contain only baths, to get the orders produced we get
Centering a disc is very important, crucial even
certainly with an instrument as a clavichord, if you'd have long tones
and the discs would be a fraction out of center, you'd hear that immediately
So, these are two machines to center
What happens here is, that when the cutter makes the disc, he produces a round
and that circle is what here will be looked for with a light
and if the lights really stands still
then you'll know the whole is exactly in the middle
let's see if we can visualise the process
We're lucky!
In that machine, the discs is being sanded, with four different grains
the surface needs to be perfectly flat
that is the device to center
Now he will search for that ending (the exit) left by the cutter
And now the light will tell him were the exact middle is
So this is a matrix already, that'll be used for pressing
So and here you'll have the whole of which we know for sure is is perfectly centered
then it goes in the die-cutter
An easy way to see it is a matrix, is reading the number, it's printed in negative
the artisan aspect is what makes it the more attractive
Labels!
The old Columbia
orange
labels are printed here in house
A label is a difficult object to make
The press is 150° Celcius, but the paper should not burn, so the paper is of a special kind
The ink should not bleed, which could happen because of the temperature
So you'll need special paper and special ink
But even then it still can happen that the heat has an effect you don't want
That is why we take a pile of lables
they go in this machine
this is an oven with hot air of 150°C
It'll affect the labels
a kind of enamelling
The advantage of this procedure is, that once through this machine, it will never cause problems while pressing
And there you'll have the boxes where they wait to be used
And this is the pressing hall
So now the machine enters a 'little bread' of vinyl with the labels
the spacer is important, since the discs is still warm
A brand new, sweet vinyl disc!
but not yet hard. It still is warm, and would keep this bended shape if I'd keep it a while
Here the covers are printed
here all elements come together
the pressing has been done, but packaging needs to happen
here is the final checkpoint if all is right for packaging
you may take it out if you will!
these kind of discs we produce 5 to 6 times a year, that continues to sell, world wide
Here is the stock, in clean air, 18°celcius
Discs can be stored here in perfect condition
Packaging !
Bob Dylan
And in a bit of time I will 'lay' here, with 25.000 boxes of the Bach partitas !
And we can't sleep from 500 discs we're about to produce...
yeah! Well this is 40à 50.000 discs. Several times a year, same disc
From every disc we produce, we'll have several checks
The discs are being listened to full, a 100%
Also the labels are checked
If the guys here give green light to audio, label, cover, title, content, ...
then the pressing starts
While pressing, we still have two rooms for constant checks
One checks press 1-16, the other press 17-32
The entire day, these people take samples to check
So to guarantee the highest level of the complete production
Is there something, the presses stop and we fix the issue
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